Table 1– Characteristics of the study patients
All patientsSurvivorsNonsurvivors
Subjects n58526
Males30 (52)29 (56)1 (17)
Age yrs72 (20–93)71 (20–88)79 (43–93)
Comorbidities43 (74)37 (71)6 (100)
COPD5 (9)4 (8)1 (17)
Smoking history21 (36)20 (38)1 (17)
Antibiotic pre-treatment12 (21)10 (19)2 (33)
Pathogen established21 (36)20 (38)1 (17)
Bacteraemia6 (10)6 (12)0 (0)
Length of hospital stay days8 (2–72)8 (2–72)2.5 (2–6)*
Clinical stability on day 431 (53)31 (60)0 (0)*
CRB-65 score1.5 (0–4)1 (0–4)2 (1–4)
CRB-65 score class
 013 (22)13 (100)0 (0)
 116 (28)15 (94)1 (6)
 218 (31)14 (78)4 (22)
 38 (14)8 (100)0 (0)
 43 (5)2 (67)1 (33)
PSI score107 (12–233)103 (12–184)143 (134–233)*
PSI score class
 112 (21)12 (100)0 (0)
 23 (5)3 (100)0 (0)
 34 (7)4 (100)0 (0)
 420 (34)20 (100)0 (0)
 519 (33)13 (68)6 (32)
CIRCI6 (10)5 (10)1 (17)
  • Data are presented as n (%) or median (range), unless otherwise stated. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRB-65: confusion, respiratory rate ≥30 breaths·min−1, low blood pressure (systolic value <90 mmHg or diastolic value ≤60 mmHg) and age ≥65 yrs; PSI: pneumonia severity index; CIRCI: critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency. *: p<0.05 for nonsurvivors versus survivors.