| NC | Controls | |
| Subjects n | 130 | 117 |
| Demographics | ||
| Age yrs | 20.1±10.0 | 22.0±6.9 |
| Males % | 69 | 62 |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 23.6±4.3*** | 21.4±3.1 |
| BSA m2 | 1.73±0.34 | 1.70±0.24 |
| Onset age yrs | 12.3±6.5 | NA |
| Illness duration yrs | 7.8±6.9 | NA |
| Symptoms at interview % | ||
| Daytime sleepiness | 100 | 0 |
| Typical cataplexy | 100 | 0 |
| Polysomnography study | ||
| Sleep parameters | ||
| Sleep efficiency % | 91.4±9.3 | 87.1±9.9# |
| Sleep latency | 8.0±10.0*** | 15.1±17.9# |
| REM latency | 72.2±88.1** | 124.2.±66.1# |
| % REM latency <20 min | 63 (48)*** | 4 (7) |
| MSLT | ||
| Mean sleep latency | 3.7±2.1** | 16.0±3.4# |
| Numbers of SOREMs | 4.4±0.8*** | 0.5±0.9# |
| % MSL ≤8 min, SOREM ≥2 | 127 (97.7)*** | 0 (0) |
| Sleep-disordered breathing | ||
| AHI events·h−1 overall | 2.8±5.4** | 0.8±1.6# |
| AHI >5 | 21 (16)*** | 3 (5.3) |
| AHI >15 | 5 (4) | 0 (0) |
| Lowest O2 % | 86.7±6.7*** | 90.9±4.1 |
| Mean O2 % | 96.3±1.0 | 96.2±1.0 |
| OSAI/AHI % | 34.5±36.5* | 17.4±29.1 |
| CSAI/AHI % | 1.8±8.8 | 2.4±6.2 |
| MSAI/AHI % | 6.8±46.1 | 7.8±23.9 |
| HI/AHI % | 60.6±36.8 | 75.4±37.0 |
| NREM AHI (events·h−1) | 2.3±5.2* | 0.5±1.4 |
| REM AHI (events·h−1) | 5.1±11.9 | 1.6±4.1 |
| HLA-DQB1*0602 positive | 130 (100)*** | 28 (22) |
| CSF Hcrt level pg·mL−1 | 18.8±1.70¶ | NA |
Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; BSA: body surface area; REM: rapid eye movement; MSLT: multiple sleep latency test; SOREM: sleep onset REM; MSL: mean sleep latency; AHI: apnoea hypopnoea index; OSAI: obstructive sleep apnoea index; CSAI: central sleep apnoea index; MSAI: mixed sleep apnoea index; HI: hypopnoea index; NREM: non-REM; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; Hcrt: hypocretin. *: p<0 05. **: p<0.01. ***: p<0.001. #: n = 57. ¶: n = 28% of the sample.