Gene | Description | Tissue/material analysed | [Ref.] |
ADAM33#,¶ | Tissue-specific methylation, but no correlation with asthma | Bronchoscopy, human primary bronchial cell culture/cell lines H292 and A549 | 93 |
GSTP1# | Differently methylated in cancer patients | Breast cancer incision biopsy | 72 |
IKZF3+ | DNA methylation and histone modifications influence expression cell specific | Human melanocytes/cell lines Daudi, Jurkat, U937 and 1106 melanoma | 94 |
IL10¶ | Hypermethylation in persons who were periconceptionally exposed to famine | Human whole blood | 87 |
IL13#,¶ | Reduced promoter methylation in Th2 cells compared with Th1 cells | Human neonatal CD4+ T-cells | 95 |
IL4#,¶ | IL4 concentration in asthmatics is correlated with demethylation of IL4 | Human blood PBMCs | 96 |
IL4R#,¶ | DNA methylation related to hepatitis B virus infection | Human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent non-tumour tissues/cell lines Huh7 and HepG2 | 97 |
MS4A2¶ | Failure to find an association of DNA methylation and atopy | Human white blood cells | 98 |
MYB+ | Hypermethylation only in stimulated Bloom syndrome cells | B-LCLs from both a Bloom syndrome patient and a normal subject | 99 |
PDE4D+ | Phenotypically dependent level of histone acetylation controlling expression | Rats aortic tissue/cell lines VSMC and NIH 3T3 | 100 |
TNF#,¶ | DNA demethylation and TNF-α production in THP-1 cells after PMA or LPS stimulation | Cell lines K562, THP-1 and HL60 | 101 |
17q21 locus+ | Allele-specific chromatin remodelling associated with asthma | Human lymphoblastoid cells | 102 |
Th: T-helper type cells; IL: interleukin; TNF: tumour necrosis factor; PMA: phorbol myristate acetate; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell; B-LCL: B-lymphocyte cell line. #: association with asthma in at least five independent studies; ¶: gene reported as one of the most often published asthma candidate genes in a recent comprehensive review 88; +: association with asthma reported in a genome-wide study.