Baseline characteristics of study population
| ARDS development | ARDS 60-day mortality | |||||
| ARDS | Controls | p-value | Nonsurvivors | Survivors | p-value | |
| Subjects n | 416 | 1052 | 170 | 246 | ||
| Age yrs | 59±18 | 63±17 | <0.001 | 67±15 | 53±18 | <0.001 |
| Male | 246 (59.1) | 641 (60.9) | 0.554 | 100 (58.8) | 146 (59.4) | 0.920 |
| APACHE III score | 68±23 | 61±21 | <0.001 | 79±21 | 60±20 | <0.001 |
| ARDS risk factor | ||||||
| Sepsis | 112 (26.9) | 383 (36.4) | <0.001 | 43 (25.3) | 69 (28.1) | 0.575 |
| Septic shock | 249 (59.8) | 461(43.8) | <0.001 | 111 (65.3) | 138 (56.1) | 0.067 |
| Pneumonia | 284 (68.3) | 455 (43.3) | <0.001 | 123 (72.4) | 161 (65.5) | 0.164 |
| Aspiration | 41 (9.9) | 88 (8.4) | 0.359 | 19 (11.2) | 22 (8.9) | 0.505 |
| Multiple transfusion | 37 (8.9) | 126 (12.0) | 0.097 | 17 (10.0) | 20 (8.1) | 0.600 |
| Trauma | 31 (7.5) | 81 (7.7) | 0.914 | 2 (1.2) | 29 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Post-operative | 23 (5.5) | 77 (7.3) | 0.251 | 11 (6.5) | 12 (4.9) | 0.518 |
| Diabetes | 73 (17.6) | 285 (27.1) | <0.001 | 32 (18.8) | 41 (16.7) | 0.601 |
| End-stage renal disease | 25 (6.0) | 55 (5.2) | 0.610 | 15 (8.8) | 10 (4.1) | 0.058 |
| Liver cirrhosis/failure | 29 (7.0) | 41 (3.9) | 0.020 | 21 (12.4) | 8 (3.3) | <0.001 |
| Metastatic cancer | 12 (2.9) | 51 (4.9) | 0.115 | 9 (5.3) | 3 (1.2) | 0.018 |
| History of steroid use | 44 (10.6) | 94 (8.9) | 0.323 | 27 (15.9) | 17 (6.9) | 0.005 |
| History of alcohol abuse | 60 (14.4) | 105 (10.0) | 0.017 | 27 (15.9) | 33 (13.4) | 0.482 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise stated. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation.