Hypoxia induced changes of reactive oxygen species(ROS)
| Increase of ROS | Decrease of ROS | Grade of hypoxia, time kinetic | [Ref.] | |
| Isolated perfused rat lung | Chemiluminescence (luminol and lucigenin), surface of lung | 0, 1, 2.5, 10 and 95% O2 decrease of signal within seconds | 88 | |
| Isolated perfused rabbit lung | Chemiluminescence (lucigenin) | 0% O2 | 86 | |
| Isolated perfused rat lung | Chemiluminescence, hypoxia reduced luminol, not lucigenin, surface of lung | 2.5% O2, decrease of signal before increase of PAP | 89 | |
| Isolated perfused rabbit lung, intubated animals and animals with breathing masks | H2O2 in exhaled air | O2 concentrations between 21 and 1%, hypoxia for 50 min | 90 | |
| Isolated perfused rabbit and mouse lung | ESR with PMA stimulation and hypoxia | ESR, in buffer fluid | 21, 16, 10, 5, 2.5 or 1 % O2, max. decrease at 1%/2.5%, max. increase with PMA 5%, sample collection each 1 or 2 min | 91 |
| Isolated perfused mouse lung | In p47phox-deficient mice, ESR | ESR, in buffer fluid | 1% O2 sample collection each 2 min, HPV decreased in p47phox knockout | 92 |
| Isolated PAs endothelium denuded | Amplex Red, DCFH and lucigenin | Hypoxia via bubbling with a hypoxic gas (PO240 mmHg) | 92 | |
| Murine precision-cut lung slices | DCFH, number of ROS producing cells increases | 1% O2, exposed for 3 h | 93 | |
| Isolated porcine PA with endothelium | Lucigenin derived chemiluminescence, ESR, increase of hydroxyl and alkyl radicals during hypoxia in some preparations | O2 concentrations from 16 to 4%, oxygen tensions at the vessel from 114 to 29 mmHg; samples taken after 30 min or 1 h of exposure to hypoxia | 94 | |
| Isolated PA of rat | L-012 (luminol analogue) and Amplex Red | 95 | ||
| Microsomal preparation of calf PAs | Lucigenin | PO28–10 mmHg | 96 | |
| Calf PASMCs | Lucigenin | PO240 mmHg | 97 | |
| Rat PASMCs | DCFH | PO225 mmHg, start at 10 min, (but PO2 after 5 min >100 mmHg) | 98 | |
| Rat PASMCs | DCFH | 2% O2, immediate increase | 84 | |
| Porcine PASMCs | DCFH | 4% O2, increase after 2 min first sample) | 94 | |
| Mouse PASMCs | DCFH | 1% O2, PASMCs exposed to hypoxia for 1 h | 93 | |
| Mouse PASMCs | FRET | 1.5% O2; simultaneous ROS and calcium increase (after 3–5 min) | 87 | |
| Human PASMCs | DCFH, DHE, Amplex Red | 5% O2 | 99 |
PA: pulmonary artery; PASMC: pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell; ESR: electron spin resonance; PMA: phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate; DCFH: 2’, 7’-dichlorfluorescein-diacetate; FRET: fluorescence resonance energy transfer; DHE: dihydroethidium; PAP: pulmonary arterial pressure; max: maximum; HPV: hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; PO2: partial pressure of oxygen. 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa.