Subject characteristics
| COPD# | Controls¶ | p-value | |
| Subjects (M/F) n | 17 (14/3) | 26 (20/6) | ns |
| Age yrs | 65.8±6.1 | 64.9±9.7 | 0.73 |
| Pack-yrs | 42.9±21.9 | 44.3±22.6 | 0.83 |
| FEV1 % pred | 62±8 | 94±11 | <0.0001 |
| FVC % pred | 74±11 | 92±14 | <0.0001 |
| FEV1/FVC % | 58±8 | 76±6 | <0.0001 |
Data are presented as mean ± sd, unless otherwise stated. All subjects had a lobectomy for bronchial carcinoma. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; M: male; F: female; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred: % predicted; FVC: forced vital capacity; ns: nonsignificant. #: subjects had an FEV1 <80% pred and FEV1/FVC <70%. ¶: subjects had an FEV1 ≥80% pred and FEV1/FVC ≥70%.