Variable | Cases | Controls | Total |
Subjects n | 79 | 324 | 403 |
Age group yrs | |||
35–39 | 6 (7.6) | 9 (2.8) | 15 (3.7) |
40–44 | 13 (16.5) | 24 (7.4) | 37 (9.2) |
45–49 | 18 (22.8) | 121 (37.3) | 139 (34.5) |
50–54 | 36 (45.6) | 146 (45.1) | 182 (45.2) |
55 | 6 (7.6) | 24 (7.4) | 30 (7.4) |
Sex | |||
Male | 40 (50.6) | 147 (45.4) | 187 (46.4) |
Female | 39 (49.4) | 177 (54.6) | 216 (53.6) |
Ethnic group | |||
Maori | 18 (22.8) | 25 (7.7) | 43 (10.7) |
Pacific Islander | 1 (1.3) | 3 (0.9) | 4 (1.0) |
Other | 60 (75.9) | 296 (91.4) | 356 (88.3) |
Cigarettes | |||
Never | 9 (11.4) | 172 (53.1) | 181 (44.9) |
Ever | 70 (88.6) | 152 (46.9) | 222 (55.1) |
Pack-yrs# | |||
Nonsmoker | 9 (11.4) | 172 (53.1) | 181 (44.9) |
First quintile (<4.7) | 7 (8.9) | 44 (13.6) | 51 (12.7) |
Second quintile (4.7–14) | 5 (6.3) | 41 (12.7) | 46 (11.4) |
Third quintile (14.1–23.8) | 13 (16.5) | 28 (8.6) | 41 (10.2) |
Fourth quintile (23.9–34.5) | 23 (29.1) | 22 (6.8) | 45 (11.2) |
Fifth quintile (>34.5) | 22 (27.8) | 17 (5.2) | 39 (9.7) |
Cannabis | |||
Nonsmoker | 58 (73.4) | 285 (88.0) | 343 (85.1) |
Smoker | 21 (26.6) | 39 (12.0) | 60 (14.9) |
Joint-yrs¶ | |||
Nonsmoker | 58 (73.4) | 285 (88.0) | 343 (85.1) |
First tertile (<1.39) | 3 (3.8) | 20 (6.2) | 23 (5.7) |
Second tertile (1.39–10.5) | 4 (5.1) | 15 (4.6) | 19 (4.7) |
Third tertile (>10.5) | 14 (17.1) | 4 (1.2) | 18 (4.5) |
Joint-yrs of use up to 5 yrs before reference date | |||
Nonsmoker | 58 (73.4) | 285 (88.0) | 343 (85.1) |
<1.39 | 3 (3.8) | 21 (6.5) | 24 (6.0) |
1.39–10.5 | 6 (7.6) | 14 (4.3) | 20 (5.0) |
>10.5 | 12 (15.2) | 4 (1.2) | 16 (4.0) |
Age at onset of cannabis use yrs | |||
Nonsmoker | 58 (73.4) | 285 (88.0) | 343 (85.1) |
12–16 | 8 (10.1) | 12 (3.7) | 20 (5.0) |
17–20 | 7 (8.9) | 18 (5.6) | 25 (6.2) |
21+ | 6 (7.6) | 9 (2.8) | 15 (3.7) |
Income $NZ | |||
0–25000 | 31 (39.2) | 46 (14.2) | 77 (19.1) |
25001–40000 | 13 (16.5) | 57 (17.6) | 70 (17.4) |
40001–70000 | 19 (24.1) | 106 (32.7) | 125 (31.0) |
>70000 | 16 (20.3) | 110 (34.0) | 126 (31.3) |
Not provided | 0 (0) | 5 (1.5) | 5 (1.2) |
Education+ | |||
Pre-school certificate | 13 (16.5) | 25 (7.7) | 38 (9.4) |
School certificate | 29 (36.7) | 76 (23.5) | 105 (26.1) |
Year 12, 13 | 11 (13.9) | 57 (17.6) | 68 (16.9) |
Tertiary | 26 (32.9) | 166 (51.2) | 192 (47.6) |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated. #: one pack of 20 tobacco cigarettes smoked per day for 1 yr; ¶: one cannabis joint smoked per day for 1 yr; +: School certificate: New Zealand Secondary School Certificate Examination (age 15, 16), year 12, 13 (age 17, 18) were previously forms 6 and 7.