Pulmonary function test results at baseline
| FEV1 % pred | FEV1/FVC | RV % pred | DL,CO % pred | |
| Group 1 | 77.4±24.3 | 69.1±13.7 | 120 (74–258) | 83.4±13.9 |
| Group 2 | 67.3±25.7 | 63.1±17.7 | 126 (68–349) | 78.8±20.9 |
| Group 3 | 55.2±18.5 | 58.5±12.6 | 141 (86–264) | 68.9±22.5 |
| p-value | <0.005 | 0.02 | ns | 0.02 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, with the exception of predicted residual volume (RV) levels, which were positively skewed and are stated as median values with ranges. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; DL,CO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; ns: nonsignificant.