Demographics of the full study cohort and the subgroups with available lipoprotein serum levels
| Untreated OSAS | Follow up during Bi-/CPAP therapy | |||
| Full cohort | Subgroup (+lipoproteins) | Full cohort | Subgroup (+lipoproteins) | |
| Patients n | 470 | 366 | 127 | 86 |
| Age yrs | 55.4±11.1 | 55.8±11.3 | 55.7±10.6 | 54.9±10.4 |
| Sex female | 78 (16.6) | 62 (16.9) | 17 (13.4) | 13 (15.1) |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 31.1±5.4 | 31.2±5.7 | 31.6±5.9 | 31.6±6.1 |
| Results of polysomnography | ||||
| AHI h−1 | 28.2±22.0 | 26.8±21.7 | 32.9±21.5 | 30.6±20.2 |
| O2 saturation % | 92.0±4.2 | 92.0±4.0 | 91.4±5.4 | 91.5±5.7 |
| Max. O2 desat. % | 81.8±9.5 | 82.1±9.2 | 79.8±10.6 | 80.2±10.2 |
| Sleep efficiency % | 86.5±10.9 | 86.5±10.7 | 86.7±11.3 | 87.3±10.5 |
| Bi-/CPAP therapy | 18/334 (3.8/71.0) | 12/268 (3.3/73.2) | 5/122 (3.9/96.1) | 2/84 (2.3/97.7) |
| AHI (PAP ther.) h−1 | 2.8±3.4 | 2.8±3.5 | 3.0±3.6 | 2.8±2.8 |
| Serum levels lipids/lipoproteins | ||||
| Cholesterol s-level mg·dL−1 | 228.2±40.5 | 228.3±40.5 | 223.5±41.4 | 224.7±39.1 |
| Triglyceride s-level mg·dL−1 | 174.0±97.4 | 175.7±98.2 | 175.1±102.3 | 180.8±113.1 |
| HDL-C s-level mg·dL−1 | 48.1±14.5 | 48.1±14.5 | 46.9±15.8 | 46.9±15.8 |
| LDL-C s-level mg·dL−1 | 148.2±36.2 | 148.2±36.2 | 144.5 ±37.8 | 144.5±37.8 |
| Additional cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 | 80 (17.0 ) | 54 (14.8) | 30 (23.6) | 18 (20.9) |
| Arterial hypertension | 270 (57.4 ) | 204 (55.7) | 75 (59.1) | 47 (54.7) |
| Current smoking (self rep.) | 129 (27.4) | 108 (29.5) | 38 (29.9) | 30 (34) |
| Cardiovascular history | ||||
| Coronary artery disease | 55 (11.7) | 49 (13.4) | 16 (12.6) | 9 (10.5) |
| Myocardial infarction | 27 (5.7) | 26 (7.1) | 7 (5.5) | 4 (4.7) |
| Stroke/TIA | 22 (4.7) | 15 (4.1) | 8 (6.3) | 7 (8.1) |
| Peripheral artery disease | 7 (1.5) | 4 (1.1) | ||
| Medication | ||||
| Lipid lowering drugs | 52 (11.1 ) | 48 (13.1) | 12 (9.4) | 12 (14.0) |
| ACE–/AT1–inhibitors | 142 (30.2) | 114 (31.1) | 34 (26.8) | 22 (25.6) |
| Beta-blockers | 98 (20.9) | 81 (22.1) | 22 (17.3) | 16 (18.6) |
| Diuretics | 74 (15.7) | 62 (16.9) | 17 (13.4) | 11 (12.8) |
| Calcium antagonists | 84 (17.9) | 67 (18.3) | 24 (18.9) | 17 (19.8) |
| Nitrates | 43 (9.1) | 37 (10.1) | 12 (9.4) | 6 (7.0) |
| Oral anti-diabetics | 23 (4.9) | 19 (5.2) | 7 (5.5) | 6 (7.0) |
| Insulin therapy | 10 (2.1) | 8 (2.2) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (2.3) |
Data are presented as mean±SD and n (%). OSAS: obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome; Bi-/CPAP: bilevel or continuous positive airway pressure; BMI: body mass index; AHI: apnoea–hypopnoea index; AHI (PAP ther.): AHI after adjustment of positive airway pressure therapy (Bi-PAP or C-PAP); HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TIA: transient ischaemic attack; ACE–/AT1–inhibitors: angiotensin converting enzyme–inhibitor/angiotensin receptor 1-inhibitor.