Independent and joint effects of parental atopy and cigarette smoking on the risk of asthma, The Finnish Environment and Asthma Study 1997–2000
| Adjusted# OR (95% CI) | Risk increase % | |
| No parental atopy and never-smoking¶ | 1.00 | |
| Parental atopy and never-smoking | 2.15 (1.52–3.06) | 115 |
| No parental atopy and current smoking | 1.43 (1.02–1.99) | 43 |
| No parental atopy and ex-smoking | 1.60 (1.14–2.24) | 60 |
| Parental atopy and current smoking | 2.43 (1.52–3.90) | 143 |
| Parental atopy and ex-smoking | 2.70 (1.70–4.27) | 170 |
OR: odds ratio
CI: confidence interval
#: adjusted for sex, age, education, environmental tobacco smoke at home or at work, dampness and mould problems at home or at work, self-reported occupational exposures and pets
¶: reference category