Hospital admissions for influenza (with and without influenza pneumonia), pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), per 100,000 individuals
| Diagnosis | Vaccine given | |||
| Influenza | Pneumococcal | Both | None | |
| Subjects n | 29346 | 23249 | 72107 | 134045 |
| Influenza | 150 | 142 | 128 | 201 |
| OR (95% CI) | 0.74 (0.54–1.03) | 0.70 (0.49–1.03) | 0.63 (0.5–0.81) | |
| p‐value | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.001 | |
| Pneumonia | 2140 | 2082 | 1607 | 2283 |
| OR (95% CI) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.91 (0.82–1.00) | 0.71 (0.65–0.75) | |
| p‐value | <0.2 | <0.06 | <0.0001 | |
| IPD | 14 | 9 | 18 | 32 |
| OR (95% CI) | 0.42 (0.15–1.21) | 0.27 (0.06–1.14) | 0.56 (0.30–1.05) | |
| p‐value | <0.1 | <0.06 | <0.06 | |
OR: odds ratio
CI: confidence interval
Data taken from subjects after receiving separate influenza or pneumococcal vaccines, or both, compared with no vaccine, between December 1, 1999 and November 30, 2000
All p‐value comparisons are against the unvaccinated cohort