Patient characteristics
| All | Survivors | Nonsurvivors | Test value | |
| Subjects n | 44 | 31 | 13 | |
| Age months | 27.5 (5.0–58.3) | 26.0 (3.5–55.8) | 36.0 (9.0–134.8) | Z=−1.19 |
| Weight kg | 13.5 (6.3–20.0) | 12.5 (6.3–20.0) | 17.5 (7.5–43.0) | Z=−1.10 |
| Male | 24 (54.5) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (58.3) | Chi2=0.10 |
| PIM | −2.393±1.189 | −2.519±1.111 | −2.056±1.373 | t=−1.154 |
| PRISM | 16.7±9.6 | 14.6±8.7 | 22.3±10.1 | t=−2.50* |
| Multiorgan system failure | 29 (65.9) | 17 (53.1) | 12 (100.0) | Chi2=8.53* |
| Direct lung injury | 21 (47.7) | 15 (46.9) | 6 (50.0) | Chi2=0.04 |
| Disease, meningococcus infection or septic shock | 15 (34.1) | 13 (40.6) | 2 (16.7) | Chi2=2.23 |
| ARDS at inclusion | 24 (54.5) | 15 (46.9) | 9 (75.0) | Chi2=2.78¶ |
| Pa,O2/FI,O2 day 1 after inclusion kPa | 28.2±13.8 | 30.5±11.9 | 22.1±17.2 | t=1.84* |
| Pa,O2/FI,O2 day 2 after inclusion kPa | 27.8±13.6 | 28.4±10.9 | 26.4±19.7 | t=0.43 |
| PIPmax cmH2O | 33.1±7.2 | 31.7±6.9 | 37.0±6.6 | t=−2.30* |
| PEEPmax cmH2O | 9.5±4.1 | 8.8±3.9 | 11.4±4.2 | t=−1.96* |
| Ventilator days | 6.5 (5.3–13.0) | 7.0 (6.0–13.0) | 4.0 (2.0–8.0) | Z=−2.13# |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), n (%) or mean±sd unless otherwise stated
PIM: paediatric index of mortality
PRISM: paediatric risk of mortality
ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome
Pa,O2/FI,O2: average arterial oxygen tension to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio
PIPmax: positive inspiratory pressure
PEEPmax: positive end-expiratory pressure
The Z‐value is derived from Mann-Whitney U‐tests and the t‐tests were unpaired
*: p<0.05 one-sided
#: p<0.05 two-sided
¶: p=0.05–0.10 one-sided