Variables | Coefficient | se | p‐value |
Anthropometric and smoking factors | |||
Sex (male=1) | 1.303 | 0.037 | <0.0001 |
Height | 0.045 | 0.002 | <0.0001 |
Pack-yrs of smoking | −0.005 | 0.0004 | <0.0001 |
Age yrs | −0.00017 | 0.0012 | 0.147# |
Disease main effects | |||
Asthma | −0.156 | 0.061 | 0.011 |
COPD | −0.135 | 0.065 | 0.038 |
Asthma and COPD | −0.593 | 0.111 | <0.0001 |
Disease effects on rate of decline in FEV1 | |||
Asthma by age | −0.0004 | 0.0011 | 0.722# |
COPD by age | −0.0023 | 0.0011 | 0.042 |
Asthma and COPD by age | 0.0002 | 0.0015 | 0.867# |
COPD by sex by age2 | −0.00007 | 0.000011 | <0.0001 |
Interactions and nonlinear factors | |||
Interactions with sex (males=1) | |||
Age by sex | −0.009 | 0.0006 | <0.0001 |
Asthma and COPD by sex | −0.679 | 0.0908 | <0.0001 |
Nonlinear factors | |||
Age2 | −0.00017 | 0.000010 | <0.0001 |
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
#: results not statistically significant at the α=0.05 level, indicating no increased decline in FEV1 compared with the reference category