Females | Males | |||||
Normal | Diabetes | NewDM | Normal | Diabetes | NewDM | |
Subjects n | 6454 | 93 | 174 | 4891 | 173 | 277 |
Age yrs | 50.9 (0.15) | 55.7 (1.10) | 54.7 (0.67) | 50.4 (0.18) | 57.0 (0.69) | 51.8 (0.60) |
BMI kg·m-2 | 24.3 (0.05) | 28.3 (0.70) | 29.5 (0.41) | 25.5 (0.05) | 27.3 (0.36) | 28.8 (0.24) |
Smoking % | 57.3 | 53.8 | 51.8 | 68.4 | 64.2 | 66.1 |
Education % | ||||||
≤7 yrs | 45.3 | 68.8 | 54.0 | 43.2 | 53.8 | 51.6 |
7–10 yrs | 24.2 | 15.1 | 24.2 | 24.0 | 24.9 | 23.1 |
≥10 yrs | 30.5 | 16.1 | 21.8 | 32.8 | 21.3 | 25.3 |
Asthma % | 6.5 | 10.3 | 13.9 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 9.5 |
CMH % | 9.0 | 13.0 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 15.0 | 15.2 |
FEV1 % pred | 94.1 (0.24) | 86.9 (1.94) | 89.0 (1.45) | 94.6 (0.28) | 86.1 (1.63) | 90.6 (1.19) |
FVC % pred | 97.4 (0.21) | 90.5 (1.72) | 91.3 (1.25) | 97.1 (0.25) | 89.8 (1.41) | 92.6 (1.04) |
Data are presented as mean at first examination (sem)
DM: diabetes mellitus
BMI: body mass index
CMH: chronic mucus hypersecretion
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second
FVC: forced vital capacity