Summary of observational studies that used IPCs for trapped lung
| Author | Year of publication | Total subjects | Subjects with trapped lung | Subjects reporting symptomatic improvement % | Time IPC in situ days | Median survival days | Pleurodesis rate % | Complications | Other outcomes/comments |
| Warren [51] | 2008 | 231 | 28 | 100 | 43.3 | NR | 54 | Infection (mainly cellulitis) 5 Catheter blockage 11 Skin reaction to dressing 1 | Combined results for all patients undergoing IPC insertion |
| Bazerbashi [55] | 2009 | 125 | NR | NR | 87 | 84.1 | 76 | Wound infection 7 Peri-catheter leak 2 Catheter blockage 2 Catheter displacement 2 Tumour seeding 1 | Combined results for patients with trapped lung and previous failed pleurodesis |
| Ohm [81] | 2003 | 41 | 34 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | Length of stay <2 days in 56% |
| Pien [80] | 2001 | 11 | 11 | 100 | 115 | NR | NR | Cellulitis 2 Pleural infection 2 Catheter occlusion 1 | |
| Qureshi [82] | 2008 | 127 | 52 | 94.2 | 93.8 | 126 | 42.3 | Surgical emphysema 2 Catheter blockage 2 Cellulitis 2 Fluid loculation 2 | |
| van den Toorn [83] | 2005 | 17 | 17 | 100 | 63 | NR | NR | Pleural Infection 1 Cellulitis 1 Catheter displacement 3 Hyponatraemia 1 | |
| Efthymiou [85] | 2009 | 48 | 48 | 48 | NR | NR | NR | Peri-catheter leakage 13% Occlusion 4% Catheter displacement 4% | 65% moderately or very satisfied with mobility improvement |
| Sioris [91] | 2009 | 51 | NR | NR | 120 | 91 | 21 | Early complications 4 Pleural infection 3 Catheter displacement 1 Catheter blockage 2 Cellulitis 1 | Combined results for patients with trapped lung, patients with high volume effusions and patients unsuitable for general anaesthetic |
| Burgers [84] | 2006 | 25 | NR | 100 | NR | 70 | 24 | Empyema 3 Haemoptysis 1 |
Data presented as n, unless otherwise indicated. IPC: indwelling pleural catheters; NR: not reported.