Results of simple and multivariable linear regression analysis for spirometry outcomes across the three study groups
| Cases (n=201) | Mean±sd | Sibling (n=143) | Community (n=121) | ||||
| Mean±sd | Difference case–sibling | Mean (sd) | Difference case–community | ||||
| Unadjusted (95% CI) | Adjusted (95% CI) | Unadjusted (95% CI) | Adjusted (95% CI) | ||||
| FEV1 z-score | −0.47±1.1 | −0.48±1.0 | 0.02 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.13 (−0.2 to 0.4) | −0.34±1.1 | −0.13 (−0.4 to 0.1) | −0.02 (−0.3 to 0.2) |
| FVC z-score | −0.32±1.0 | −0.38±1.1 | 0.06 (−0.2 to 0.3) | 0.20 (−0.0 to 0.5) | −0.15±1.1 | −0.17 (−0.4 to 0.1) | −0.05 (−0.3 to 0.2) |
| FEV1/FVC z-score | −0.21±0.9 | −0.15±0.9 | −0.06 (−0.3 to 0.1) | −0.10 (−0.3 to 0.1) | −0.37±1.0 | 0.16 (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0.15 (−0.1 to 0.4) |
Adjusted differences include HIV status, socioeconomic circumstances and puberty. When including sitting height % in the model, all p-values remain >0.05. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity.