Characteristics of included studies reporting clinical manifestations of primary ciliary dyskinesia
| Total studies | 52 (100) |
| Type of clinic | |
| Paediatric department | 16 (33) |
| Paediatric pulmonology department | 9 (17) |
| Adult pulmonology department | 4 (8) |
| ENT department | 11 (21) |
| Other department | 12 (21) |
| Number of centres | |
| Single centre | 35 (66) |
| Multicentre | 17 (33) |
| Publication period | |
| Prior to 1994 | 12 (23) |
| 1995–2004 | 11 (21) |
| Since 2005 | 29 (56) |
| Study size (number of patients) | |
| ≤20 | 15 (29) |
| 21–50 | 25 (48) |
| 50–100 | 9 (14) |
| >100 | 3 (6) |
| Study region | |
| Europe | 31 (60) |
| Asia | 10 (19) |
| North America | 8 (15) |
| South America | 2 (4) |
| Australia | 1 (2) |
| Age of participants | |
| Children <18 years | 17 (33) |
| Adults ≥18 years | 3 (6) |
| Children and adults | 32 (62) |
| Study design | |
| Retrospective | 37 (71) |
| Prospective | 15 (29) |
| Diagnostics performed | |
| Clinical diagnosis only | 5 (10) |
| Diagnosis proven using EM | 16 (31) |
| Diagnosis proven using EM plus other tests# | 29 (56) |
| No information on diagnostics available | 2 (4) |
| Health conditions | |
| Situs anomalies | 48 (92) |
| Lower respiratory tract conditions | 48 (92) |
| Cough | 29 (56) |
| Sputum production | 24 (46) |
| Lower respiratory tract infections | 27 (52) |
| Bronchiectasis | 34 (65) |
| Upper respiratory tract conditions | 41 (79) |
| Rhinitis | 28 (54) |
| Otitis media | 26 (50) |
| Sinusitis | 32 (62) |
| Hearing impairment | 14 (27) |
| Grommets | 12 (23) |
| Nasal polyps | 14 (27) |
| Other conditions | |
| Neonatal respiratory distress | 17 (33) |
| Congenital heart disease | 13 (25) |
| Infertility | 7 (14) |
| Hydrocephalus | 3 (6) |
| Retinitis pigmentosa | 2 (4) |
| Renal symptoms | 0 (0) |
| Information for different age groups | 11¶ (34) |
| Information on severity | 0 (0) |
Data are presented as n (%). ENT: ear, nose and throat; EM: electron microscopy. #: one or more of the following: nasal nitric oxide, high-frequency videomicroscopy or light microscopy or genetics; ¶: out of 32 studies including children and adults.