Demographics and haemodynamic variables at rest and maximal exercise
| Controls | PVD | LHD | |
| Subjects n | 68 | 49 | 52 |
| Age years | 46.1±14.5 | 55.8±13.9# | 61.1±11#,¶ |
| Female sex % | 60 | 65 | 79 |
| Body mass index kg·m−2 | 25.8±5.0 | 23.6±3.8 | 26.6±5.2 |
| Work max W | 63.2±30.5 | 47.5±20.4# | 45.1±26.4# |
| mPAP−CO points n | 5.5±2.3 | 5.2±2.2 | 5.2±1.8 |
| mPAPrest mmHg | 14.7±3.3 | 17.9±2.0# | 17.1±2.1# |
| mPAPmax mmHg | 26.8±5.2 | 37.3±5.0# | 41.2±7.0#,¶ |
| PAWPrest mmHg | 6.9±3.3 | 5.7±3.1 | 8.2±3.1#,¶ |
| PAWPmax mmHg | 11.2±3.9 | 11.2±3.5 | 27.4±4.6#,¶ |
| mPAPrest−PAWPrest mmHg | 7.8±2.9 | 12.1±3.2# | 9±3.2#,¶ |
| mPAPmax−PAWPmax mmHg | 14.9±5 | 26.4±6.1# | 13.8±6.6#,¶ |
| COrest L·min−1 | 6.7±1.3 | 5.3±1.2# | 5.5±1.2# |
| COmax L·min−1 | 13.4±2.8 | 10.2±2.4# | 9.7±2.4# |
| TPRrest WU | 2.3±0.6 | 3.5±0.8# | 3.3±0.8# |
| TPRmax WU | 2.1±0.5 | 3.8±0.9# | 4.4±1.2#,¶ |
| PVRrest WU | 1.2±0.5 | 2.4±0.8# | 1.7±0.7#,¶ |
| PVRmax WU | 1.1±0.4 | 2.7±0.9# | 1.5±0.7#,¶ |
Data are presented as mean±sd. PVD: pulmonary vascular disease; LHD: left heart disease; mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure; CO: cardiac output; mPAPrest: mPAP at rest; mPAPmax: mPAP at maximal exercise; PAWPrest: pulmonary artery wedge pressure at rest; PAWPmax: pulmonary artery wedge pressure at maximal exercise; COrest: CO at rest; COmax: CO at maximal exercise; TPRrest: total pulmonary resistance at rest; TPRmax: total pulmonary resistance at maximal exercise; PVRrest: pulmonary vascular resistance at rest; PVRmax: pulmonary vascular resistance at maximal exercise. #: p<0.05 versus controls; ¶: p<0.05 versus PVD.