| Characteristics | Total population | COPD | Absence of COPD |
| Subjects | 338 (100) | 88 (26) | 250 (74) |
| Age years | 50 (46–53) | 52 (48–56) | 49 (46–53) |
| Females | 58 (17) | 13 (15) | 45 (18) |
| Low BMI# | 36 (11) | 15 (17) | 21 (8) |
| Smoking duration years | 30 (27–35) | 34 (29–39) | 30 (27–34) |
| Smoking pack-years | 30 (25–38) | 34 (27–40) | 30 (25–37) |
| History of cannabis consumption | 117 (35) | 36 (41) | 81 (32) |
| History of IDU | 88 (26) | 32 (36) | 56 (22) |
| CD4+ cell count μL−1 | 571 (395–763) | 498 (345–707) | 594 (427–780) |
| Nadir CD4+ cell count μL−1 | 177 (76–260) | 158 (71–232) | 182 (83–267) |
| Nadir CD4+ cell count <200 μL−1 | 195 (58) | 54 (61) | 141 (56) |
| History of AIDS-defining complication | 97 (29) | 31 (35) | 66 (26) |
| Known duration of HIV infection years | 17 (10–22) | 19 (11–24) | 17 (10–21) |
| Duration of HIV treatment years | 14 (7–16) | 13 (7–16) | 14 (7–16) |
| Last viral load <50 copies·mL−1 | 298 (88) | 78 (89) | 220 (88) |
| HCV infection | 100 (30) | 35 (40) | 65 (26) |
| History of Pneumocystis pneumonia | 28 (8) | 11 (13) | 17 (7) |
| FEV1 L | 3.2 (2.6–3.7) | 2.5 (2.0–2.9) | 3.4 (2.9–3.8) |
| FEV1 % predicted | 89 (76–98) | 71 (59–79) | 93 (86–101) |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.74 (0.68–0.80) | 0.61 (0.54–0.66) | 0.77 (0.74–0.81) |
| TLC¶ L | 7.1 (6.2–7.9) | 7.5 (6.7–8.4) | 6.9 (6.1–7.7) |
| TLC¶ % predicted | 107 (97–116) | 114 (104–126) | 104 (96–112) |
| RV§ L | 2.5 (2.1–3.0) | 3.1 (2.3–3.9) | 2.4 (2.0–2.8) |
| RV§ % predicted | 119 (100–147) | 152 (108–175) | 114 (99–133) |
| RV/TLC§ | 37 (32–42) | 41 (36–49) | 35 (31–40) |
| RV/TLC§ % predicted | 108 (93–121) | 120 (101–139) | 104 (92–117) |
| D LCO ƒ,## % predicted | 68 (59–83) | 62 (52–76) | 71 (62–86) |
Data are presented as n (%) or median (interquartile range). COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI: body mass index; IDU: intravenous drug use; HCV: hepatitis C virus; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; TLC: total lung capacity; RV: residual volume; D lco: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. #: <18.5 kg·m−2; ¶: n = 305; §: n = 302; ƒ: corrected for haemoglobin; ##: n = 199.