| Total | Screening | Infection | Exposure | ||||||||||
| Not screened | Screened | p-value | Not infected | Infected | p-value | Not exposed | Exposed | p-value | |||||
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||||
| Sex | 0.082 | 0.947 | 0.261 | ||||||||||
| Female | 1540 (76.4) | 616 (74.4) | 924 (77.8) | Ref. | 1400 (76.4) | 140 (76.5) | 189 (79.7) | 1349 (76.2) | |||||
| Male | 475 (23.6) | 212 (25.6) | 263 (22.2) | 0.024 | 432 (23.6) | 43 (23.5) | 48 (20.3) | 421 (23.8) | |||||
| Age years | 39.02±10.60 | 0.065 | <0.001 | 0.007 | |||||||||
| ≤34 | 877 (43.5) | 385 (46.6) | 492 (41.5) | Ref. | 826 (45.1) | 51 (27.9) | Ref. | 124 (52.3) | 748 (42.3) | 748 (42.3) | Ref. | ||
| 35–49 | 732 (36.3) | 280 (33.9) | 452 (38.1) | 0.006 | 651 (35.6) | 81 (44.3) | <0.001 | 67 (28.3) | 664 (37.6) | 664 (37.6) | 0.001 | ||
| ≥50 | 404 (20.0) | 162 (19.6) | 242 (20.4) | 0.008 | 353 (19.3) | 51 (27.9) | <0.001 | 46 (19.4) | 356 (20.1) | 356 (20.1) | 0.094 | ||
| Profession | 0.653 | 0.492 | 0.980 | ||||||||||
| Physician | 882 (43.8) | 357 (43.1) | 525 (44.2) | 797 (43.5) | 85 (46.4) | 104 (43.9) | 774 (43.7) | ||||||
| Nurse | 1133 (56.2) | 471 (56.9) | 662 (55.8) | 1035 (56.5) | 98 (53.6) | 133 (56.1) | 996 (56.3) | ||||||
| HCW time years | 15.2±10.2 | 10.3±10.1 | 14.3±10.3 | 0.001 | 14.9±10.2 | 18.5±9.7 | <0.001 | 13.7±10.9 | 15.4±10.1 | 0.021 | |||
| <5 | 384 (19.4) | ||||||||||||
| 6–10 | 452 (22.8) | ||||||||||||
| 11–15 | 287 (14.5) | ||||||||||||
| 16–20 | 277 (14.0) | ||||||||||||
| >21 | 581 (29.3) | ||||||||||||
| Region | 0.493 | 0.125 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| North | 1311 (65.1) | 531 (64.1) | 780 (65.7) | 1182 (64.5) | 129 (70.5) | 128 (54.0) | 1180 (66.7) | ||||||
| Other | 704 (34.9) | 297 (35.9) | 407 (34.3) | 650 (35.5) | 54 (29.5) | 109 (46.0) | 590 (33.3) | ||||||
| Workplace | <0.001 | 0.172 | 0.067 | ||||||||||
| In-patient | 1324 (67.2) | 474 (58.7) | 850 (73.0) | <0.001 | 1193 (66.7) | 131 (72.0) | 0.002 | 139 (61.5) | 1179 (67.8) | 0.001 | |||
| Outpatient | 647 (32.8) | 333 (41.3) | 314 (27.0) | Ref. | 596 (33.3) | 51 (28.0) | Ref. | 87 (38.5) | 559 (32.2) | Ref. | |||
| Service | 0.203 | 0.009 | 0.019 | ||||||||||
| Surgical | 317 (15.7) | 141 (17.0) | 176 (14.8) | <0.001 | 301 (16.4) | 16 (8.7) | 0.002 | 50 (21.1) | 265 (15.0) | <0.001 | |||
| Nonsurgical# | 1698 (84.3) | 687 (83.0) | 1011 (85.2) | Ref. | 1531 (83.6) | 167(91.3) | Ref. | 187 (78.9) | 1505 (85.0) | Ref. | |||
| Training in TB | <0.001 | 0.053 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1699 (84.3) | 656 (79.3) | 1043 (87.9) | 1535 (83.9) | 164 (89.6) | 175 (73.8) | 1517 (85.8) | ||||||
| No | 314 (15.6) | 171 (20.7) | 143 (12.1) | 295 (16.1) | 19 (10.4) | 62 (26.2) | 252 (14.2) | ||||||
| TB exposure | <0.001 | 0.009 | NA | NA | NA | ||||||||
| Yes | 1770 (88.2) | 690 (83.6) | 1080 (91.4) | <0.001 | 1599 (87.6) | 171 (94.5) | 0.032 | ||||||
| No | 237 (11.8) | 135 (16.4) | 102 (78.6) | Ref. | 227 (12.4) | 10 (5.5) | Ref. | ||||||
| Protection | 0.001 | 0.605 | 0.0001 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1082 (59.3) | 392 (54.4) | 690 (62.4) | 982 (59.5) | 100 (57.1) | 15 (28.8) | 1061 (60.0) | ||||||
| Not always | 744 (40.7) | 329 (45.6) | 415 (37.6) | 669 (40.5) | 75 (42.9) | 37 (71.2) | 707 (40.0) | ||||||
| Reason for not using protection measures | |||||||||||||
| Only knew about case after exposure | 1025 (81.0) | ||||||||||||
| Considered low risk | 178 (14.1) | ||||||||||||
| Avoiding alarm/ discrimination | 31 (2.5) | ||||||||||||
| Discomfort/ carelessness | 15 (1.2) | ||||||||||||
| Mask not available | 16 (1.3) | ||||||||||||
| Previous TB | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.203 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 44 (2.2) | 44 (5.3) | 0 | 0 | 44 (24.0) | 2 (0.8) | 42 (2.4) | ||||||
| No | 1971 (97.8) | 784 (94.7) | 1187 (100) | 1832 (100) | 139(76.0) | 235 (99.2) | 1728 (97.6) | ||||||
| Previous LTBI | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.035 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 139 (6.9) | 0 | 139 (11.7) | 0 | 139 (76.0) | 8 (3.4) | 129 (7.3) | ||||||
| No | 1876 (93.1) | 828 (100) | 1048 (88.3) | 1832 (100) | 44 (24.0) | 229 (96.6) | 1641 (92.7) | ||||||
| LTBI treatment | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.146 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 72 (51.8) | 0 | 72 (6.1) | 0 | 72 (39.3) | 4 (1.7) | 67 (3.8) | ||||||
| No | 67 (48.2) | 828 (100) | 1115 (93.9) | 1832 (100) | 111 (60.7) | 233 (98.3) | 1703 (96.2) | ||||||
| HCW when treated | 0.333 | NA | 0.116 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 72 (68.6) | 22 (61.1) | 50 (72.5) | 72 (68.6) | 3 (37.5) | 69 (71.1) | |||||||
| No | 33 (31.4) | 14 (38.9) | 19 (27.5) | 33 (31.4) | 5 (62.5) | 28 (28.9) | |||||||
| HCW time when treated years | 8.14±7.69 | 7.2±7.5 | 10.2±7.8 | 0.146 | NA | 8.1±7.7 | NA | 9.7±9.1 | 8.1±7.7 | 0.791 | |||
| ≤5 | 37 (51.4) | ||||||||||||
| 6–10 | 13 (18.1) | ||||||||||||
| 11–15 | 13 (18.1) | ||||||||||||
| 16–20 | 4 (5.6) | ||||||||||||
| ≥21 | 5 (6.9) | ||||||||||||
| Screened | NA | NA | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| Yes | 1187 (58.9) | 1048 (57.2) | 139 (76.0) | 102 (43.0) | 1080 (61.0) | ||||||||
| No | 828 (41.1) | 784 (42.8) | 44 (24.0) | 135 (57.0) | 690 (39.0) | ||||||||
| Type of screening | NA | 0.003 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| Routine | 672 (63.1) | 672 (63.1) | 0 | 619 (64.6) | 53 (49.5) | 12 (13.5) | 590 (60.8) | ||||||
| Post-exposure | 393 (36.9) | 393 (36.9) | 0 | 339 (35.4) | 54 (50.5) | 77 (86.5) | 381 (39.2) | ||||||
Data are presented as n (%) or mean±sd,unless otherwise stated. Descriptive statistics stratified by tuberculosis (TB) screening, infection (TB or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI)) and exposure, and crude and adjusted p-values of the variables’ effects on each of the three responses. HCW: healthcare worker; NA: not applicable. #: medical or intensive care.