Biomarkers | Non-obese participants | Obese participants | Interaction | ||
β-coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | β-coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | ||
Indoor PM2.5 | |||||
Peripheral WBC count cells·mm−3 | −274 (−763–215) | 0.27 | 120.4 (−181–421) | 0.43 | 0.14 |
Neutrophil count cells·mm−3 | −249 (−608–110) | 0.17 | 87.8 (−115–291) | 0.40 | 0.04 |
Eosinophil count cells·mm−3 | 4.80 (−18.9–28.5) | 0.69 | 36.7 (14.1–59.3) | <0.01 | 0.07 |
Fibrinogen mg·dL−1 | −10.5 (−29.0–8.01) | 0.27 | 11.98 (−1.86–25.8) | 0.09 | 0.08 |
C-reactive protein# ng·mL−1 | −0.20 (−0.45–0.05) | 0.12 | 0.12 (−0.01–0.24) | 0.07 | 0.05 |
Serum IL-6# pg·mL−1 | −0.10 (−0.23–0.03) | 0.14 | 0.08 (−0.01–0.18) | 0.09 | 0.02 |
Serum IL-8# pg·mL−1 | 0.06 (−0.03–0.16) | 0.17 | 0.03 (−0.05–0.10) | 0.49 | 0.52 |
TNF-α# pg·mL−1 | 0.04 (−0.02–0.10) | 0.27 | −0.02 (−0.10–0.07) | 0.72 | 0.33 |
Interferon-γ# pg·mL−1 | 0.13 (−0.11–0.38) | 0.30 | 0.11 (−0.06–0.28) | 0.21 | 0.75 |
Exhaled nitric oxide# ppb | −0.04 (−0.17–0.10) | 0.59 | 0.02 (−0.08–0.11) | 0.73 | 0.59 |
Indoor PM2.5−10 | |||||
Peripheral WBC count cells·mm−3 | −577.5 (−1747–592.6) | 0.33 | −477.6 (−1501–546.3) | 0.36 | 0.42 |
Neutrophil count cells·mm−3 | −313.6 (−1146–519.4) | 0.46 | 282.6 (−506.0–1071) | 0.48 | 0.04 |
Eosinophil count cells·mm−3 | −16.1 (−75.5–43.4) | 0.60 | 66.1 (−17.8–150) | 0.12 | 0.07 |
Fibrinogen mg·dL−1 | −14.5 (−56.0–27.0) | 0.49 | −1.68 (−47.28–43.93) | 0.94 | 0.74 |
C-reactive protein# ng·mL−1 | −0.11 (−0.73–0.51) | 0.73 | 0.42 (0.04–0.80) | 0.03 | 0.29 |
Serum IL-6# pg·mL−1 | −0.12 (−0.44–0.20) | 0.45 | 0.08 (−0.24–0.41) | 0.61 | 0.39 |
Serum IL-8# pg·mL−1 | 0.13 (−0.07–0.33) | 0.21 | 0.04 (−0.17–0.25) | 0.72 | 0.63 |
TNF-α# pg·mL−1 | 0.04 (−0.10–0.17) | 0.61 | −0.01 (−0.24–0.23) | 0.95 | 0.25 |
Interferon-γ# pg·mL−1 | −0.04 (−0.66–0.59) | 0.91 | 0.23 (−0.33–0.78) | 0.42 | 0.64 |
Exhaled nitric oxide# ppb | −0.21 (−0.57–0.15) | 0.25 | 0.34 (−0.06–0.73) | 0.09 | 0.05 |
β-coefficients/OR were calculated based on a 10 µg·m−3 change in particulate matter concentration. Models are adjusted for age, sex, education and baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s. PM2.5: particulate matter with an aerodynamic size ≤2.5 μm; WBC: white blood cell; IL: interleukin; TNF: tumour necrosis factor; PM2.5−10: particulate matter with an aerodynamic size 2.5–10 μm. #: outcomes that have been log transformed.