TABLE 2 Immune characteristics and SCORAD at study entry as predictors of airway function at 5 years of age

Parameter at study entry	Parameter at 5 years of age
	eNO		z-FEF_25–75%		%ΔFEV₁
	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value
Egg allergen sensitisation	16.7 (6.48–26.94)	0.002	-0.7 (-1.44– -0.08)	0.029	-6.8 (-20.28–6.63)	0.313
Aeroallergen sensitisation^#	2.4 (-8.51–13.26)	0.664	0.5 (-0.15–1.13)	0.132	3.8 (-8.02–15.67)	0.518
Total IgE^¶	3.4 (0.91–5.96)	0.008	-0.2 (-0.34– -0.03)	0.021	-1.3 (-4.40–1.77)	0.395
IL-4/IFNγ⁺	3.1 (-4.71–10.94)	0.428	-0.2 (-0.63–0.31)	0.499	-3.1 (-10.76–4.62)	0.424
IL-5/IFNγ⁺	4.1 (-2.75–10.99)	0.234	-0.1 (-0.55–0.27)	0.485	-3.0 (-9.66–3.63)	0.364
IL-9/IFNγ⁺	6.2 (0.12–12.30)	0.046	-0.2 (-0.61–0.12)	0.181	0.4 (-5.70–6.53)	0.891
IL-10/IFNγ⁺	8.7 (-2.42–19.89)	0.122	-0.3 (-1.01–0.32)	0.306	-7.3 (-18.01–3.49)	0.180
IL-13/IFNγ⁺	4.5 (-1.53–10.46)	0.141	-0.2 (-0.54–0.16)	0.281	1.25 (-4.50–7.00)	0.663
IL-17/IFNγ⁺	8.6 (2.33–14.80)	0.008	-0.4 (-0.77– -0.01)	0.044	4.0 (-2.98–10.98)	0.253
SCORAD	0.53 (-0.10–1.15)	0.097	-0.04 (-0.08– -0.002)	0.037	-0.12 (-0.97–0.74)	0.780

Bold font indicates statistical significance. SCORAD: Scoring Atopic Dermatitis; eNO: exhaled nitric oxide; z-FEF_25–75%: z-score for forced expiratory flows at 25–75% of forced vital capacity; %ΔFEV₁: percentage change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s between baseline and after final methacholine dose when reaching PC_40,R5 (the methacholine dose that increased baseline R₅ by 40%); IL: interleukin; IFN: interferon. ^#: presence of at least one positive sensitisation to the following allergens: Timothy grass, Bermuda grass, Short ragweed, Alternaria species and Mountain cedar; ^¶: total serum IgE was expressed as the log transformed value; ⁺: standardised as log(cytokine+1)/sd×(cytokine+1). The model was adjusted by age at entry to the study, sex, race and smoking during pregnancy.