Table 3– Potential geroprotectors and their modes of action
DrugMode of action
SulforaphaneNfr2 activation
ResveratolAntioxidant, SIRT activation, AMPK activation, PI3K activation
MetforminAMPK activation, SIRT1 activation, mTOR inhibition, anti-oxidant
MelatoninAnti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory
RapamycinmTOR inhibition
Low-dose theophyllinePI3Kδ activation

  • Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; PI3K: phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin.