| Outcome | Participants n | Baseline | Study completion | Within group | Between group | ANCOVA p-value | ||||
| Walking | Control | Walking | Control | Walking | Control | Walking | Control | |||
| ISWT m | 74 | 47 | 319±115 | 332±118 | 344±132 | 335±127 | 25 (10–40)* | 3 (-13–18) | 22 (-0.2–44) | 0.052 |
| ESWT s | 78 | 47 | 330±208 | 294±168 | 574±389 | 333±227 | 245 (174–315)* | 38 (-29–106) | 208 (104–313)# | <0.001 |
| 6MWT m | 77 | 45 | 465±85 | 473±91 | 474±92 | 459±90 | 9 (-1–19) | -14 (-29–0.3) | 22 (6–39)# | 0.01 |
| SGRQ | 80 | 45 | ||||||||
| Total score | 47±17 | 47±16 | 41±14 | 47±16 | -6 (-9– -3)* | 0.1 (-4–4) | -6 (-10– -2)# | 0.003 | ||
| Symptoms | 56±22 | 62±21 | 50±23 | 59±21 | -6 (-10– -1)* | -3 (-9–3) | -5 (-12–2) | 0.19 | ||
| Activity limitations | 63±19 | 64±20 | 59±18 | 66±20 | -5 (-7– -2)* | 2 (-2–7) | -7 (-11– -2)# | 0.003 | ||
| Impacts | 33±18 | 33±17 | 27±14 | 33±16 | -6 (-9– -3)* | -0.3 (-5–4) | -6 (-10– -1)# | 0.01 | ||
| CRQ | 81 | 48 | ||||||||
| Total score | 89±19 | 89±17 | 97±18 | 90±18 | 8 (5–11)* | 1 (-3–5) | 7 (2–11)# | 0.01 | ||
| Dyspnoea | 16±5 | 17± 5 | 19±5 | 18±6 | 2 (1–3)* | 1 (-0.4–2) | 1 (-0.4–3) | 0.15 | ||
| Fatigue | 17±6 | 17±4 | 19±5 | 17±4 | 1 (0.4–2)* | 1 (-0.3–2) | 1 (-0.4–2) | 0.18 | ||
| Emotional function | 35±8 | 34±9 | 37±7 | 35±9 | 3 (1–4)* | 0.2 (-2–2) | 3 (1–5)# | 0.01 | ||
| Mastery | 21±5 | 21±5 | 22±5 | 21±5 | 1 (1–2)* | 0.2 (-1–1) | 1 (0.1–3)# | 0.04 | ||
Data are presented as mean±sd or mean difference (95% CI), unless otherwise stated. ISWT: incremental shuttle walk test; ESWT: endurance shuttle walk test; 6MWT: 6-min walk test; SGRQ: St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; CRQ: Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire. *: significant difference within groups (p<0.05); #: significant difference between groups from ANCOVA adjusting follow-up measures for baseline measures (p<0.05).