Table 5– Reference equations for predicting the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) in healthy individuals

First author [ref.]	Sex	Reference equation	r²
Casanova [173]	Males	6MWD=361-(age×4)+(height×2)+(3×HR_max/HR_max%pred)-(weight×1.5)	0.09–0.73^#
	Females	6MWD=361-(age×4)+(height×2)+(3×HR_max/HR_max%pred)-(weight×1.5)-30	0.09–0.73^#
Dourado [174]	Both	6MWD=299.296-(2.728×age)-(2.160×weight)+(361.731×height^¶)+(56.386×sex^§)	0.54
	Both	6MWD=109.764-(1.794×age)-(2.383×weight)+(423.110×height^¶)+(2.422×grip strength)	0.54
Hill [175]	Both	6MWD=970.7+(-5.5×age)+(56.3×sex^§)
Soares [176]	Both	6MWD=511+(height²×0.0066)-(age²×0.030)-(BMI²×0.068)
Osses [177]	Males	6MWD=530-(3.31×age)+(2.36×height)-(1.49×weight)	0.55
	Females	6MWD=457-(3.46×age)+(2.61×height)-(1.57×weight)	0.63
Alameri [178]	Both	6MWD=(2.81×height)+(0.79×age)-28.5	0.25
Ben Saad [179]	Both	6MWD=720.50-(160×sex^ƒ)-(5.14×age)-(2.23×weight)+(2.72×height)	0.77
Iwama [180]	Both	6MWD=622.461-(1.846×age)+(61.503×sex^§)	0.30
Jenkins [181]	Males	6MWD=867-(5.71×age)+(1.03×height)
	Females	6MWD=525-(2.86×age)+(2.71×height)-(6.22×BMI)
Masmoudi [182]	Both	6MWD=299.8-(4.43×age)+(342.6×height^¶)-(1.46×weight)+(62.5×sex^ƒ)	0.60
Camarri [183]	Both	6MWD=64.69+(3.12×height)+(23.29×FEV₁)	0.43
	Both	6MWD=216.90+(4.12×height)-(1.75×age)-(1.15×weight)-(34.04×sex^ƒ)	0.36
Chetta [184]	Both	6MWD=518.853+(1.25×height)-(2.816×age)-(39.07×sex^ƒ)	0.42
Poh [185]	Both	6MWD=(5.50×HR_max/HR_max%pred)+(6.94×height)-(4.49×age)-(3.51×weight)-473.27	0.78
Gibbons [186]	Both	6MWD=868.8-(age×2.99)-(sex^ƒ×74.7)	0.41
Enright [187]	Males	6MWD=510+(2.2×height)-(0.93×weight)-(5.3×age)	0.20
	Females	6MWD=493+(2.2×height)-(0.93×weight)-(5.3×age)	0.20
Troosters [188]	Both	6MWD=218+(5.14×height)-(5.32×age)-(1.80×weight)+(51.31×sex^§)	0.66
Enright [189]	Males	6MWD=(7.57×height)-(5.02×age)-(1.76×weight)-309	0.42
	Females	6MWD=(2.11×height)-(2.29×weight)-(5.78×age)+667	0.38
	Males	6MWD=1.140-(5.61×BMI)-(6.94×age)
	Females	6MWD=1.017-(6.24×BMI)-(5.83×age)

Units are as follows, unless otherwise stated. 6MWD: m; age: years; height: cm; weight: kg; grip strength: kg; body mass index (BMI): kg·m⁻²; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁): L. HR_max/HR_max%pred: maximum heart rate during the 6-min walk test divided by the predicted maximum heart rate. ^#: adjusted r² values for males and females; ^¶: in m; ^§: males=1, females=0; ^ƒ: males=0, females=1.