EBC NO2−/NO3− level μmol per mg proteins# | FeNO level ppb¶ | (NO2−+NO3−)/NO ratio level+ | ||||||||||
n | GM | 95% CI | p-value | n | GM | 95% CI | p-value | n | Mean | 95% CI | p-value | |
Eosinophilic asthma | ||||||||||||
No | 162 | 1.97 | 1.61–2.41 | 162 | 15.4 | 13.7–17.2 | 162 | 0.25 | 0.16–0.34 | |||
Yes | 93 | 2.54 | 1.98–3.26 | 0.12 | 93 | 22.0 | 19.0–25.5 | 0.0002 | 93 | 0.30 | 0.22–0.39 | 0.4 |
Age at onset | ||||||||||||
0–4 years | 87 | 2.49 | 1.93–3.21 | 87 | 17.7 | 15.1–20.6 | 87 | 0.33 | 0.22–0.43 | |||
4–16 years | 94 | 2.09 | 1.60–2.75 | 0.3§ | 94 | 17.8 | 15.3–20.7 | 0.7§ | 94 | 0.25 | 0.14–0.35 | 0.4§ |
>16 years | 56 | 1.99 | 1.38–2.87 | 56 | 16.8 | 13.6–20.8 | 56 | 0.26 | 0.11–0.41 | |||
Model adjusted for all covariates | ||||||||||||
Eosinophilic asthma | ||||||||||||
No | 157 | 1.79 | 1.35–2.37 | 162 | 16.8 | 14.6–19.4 | 162 | 0.20 | 0.09–0.32 | |||
Yes | 92 | 2.30 | 1.66–3.18 | 0.13 | 93 | 23.9 | 20.2–28.3 | <0.0001 | 93 | 0.27 | 0.14–0.40 | 0.3 |
Age at onset | ||||||||||||
0–4 years | 84 | 2.26 | 1.60–3.20 | 87 | 18.8 | 15.6–22.6 | 87 | 0.30 | 0.17–0.43 | |||
4–16 years | 93 | 1.91 | 1.37–2.67 | 0.15§ | 94 | 19.4 | 16.3–23.1 | 0.9§ | 94 | 0.21 | 0.08–0.34 | 0.15§ |
>16 years | 56 | 1.59 | 1.02–2.00 | 56 | 18.4 | 14.6–23.3 | 56 | 0.17 | 0.01–0.34 |
GM: geometric mean. #: adjusted for age, sex, smoking, ambient ozone concentration, asthma and centre; ¶: adjusted for age, sex, smoking, height, asthma and centre (generalised estimating equation regression methods); +: adjusted for age, sex, smoking, asthma and centre; §: p-value for trend.