Table 6– Significant univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of predictors for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in the HIV population

Variables	Univariate		Multivariate^#
Variables	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Female sex	0.4 (0.2–1.0)	0.060	0.2 (0.1–0.9)	0.033
Age per 5 years	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.019
Chronic respiratory disease	0.2 (0.1–0.6)	0.005
Neurological disease	0.2 (0.1–0.6)	0.005
Current smoking	0.3 (0.1–0.5)	<0.001	0.4 (0.1–0.9)	0.033
Previous antibiotic	3.5 (1.7–7.1)	<0.001
Time with symptoms >5 days	4.8 (2.1–10.7)	<0.001
HAART	0.2 (0.1–0.5)	<0.001
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	<0.001	0.1 (0.04–0.5)	0.003
Pleuritic pain	0.4 (0.2–0.9)	0.023
Creatinine <1.5 mg·dL⁻¹	2.8 (0.8–9.4)	0.095
C-reactive protein <12 mg·dL⁻¹	3.2 (1.5–6.9)	0.002
WBCs ≤4000×10⁹ per L	4.4 (2.2–9.0)	<0.001	3.7 (1.2–11.5)	0.023
LDH ≥598 U·L⁻¹	23.4 (9.4–58.1)	<0.001	12.9 (4.2–39.7)	<0.001
Multilobar infiltration	11.9 (4.8–29.2)	<0.001	5.8 (1.9–19.5)	0.002
CD4⁺ count <200 cells per mm³	10.5 (4.5–24.6)	<0.001
HIV RNA ≥200 copies per mL	10.1 (2.4–42.7)	0.002
Co-infection with HCV	0.3 (0.2–0.7)	0.005
Diagnosis of HIV infection during the episode of pneumonia	6.2 (3.1–12.4)	<0.001

HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy; WBC: white blood cell; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; HCV: hepatitis C virus. ^#: Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p=0.21.