Table 1– Association of clinicopathological variables and diagnostic immunomarkers with common predictive biomarkers in pulmonary adenocarcinomas
All casesERCC1p-valueTSp-valueALK-negativeALK-positivep-valueEGFR wild-typeEGFR mutatedp-valueKRAS wild-typeKRAS mutatedp-valueBRAF wild-typeBRAF mutatedp-value
All cases425 (100)57.9±4.145.5±2.9419 (98.6)6 (1.4)359 (84.5)66 (15.5)265 (62.4)160 (37.6)408 (96)17 (4)
Age0.090#0.045#0.6910.283#0.5480.806
 Below mean196 (46.1)51.7±6.037.9±4.0194 (99)2 (1)170 (86.7)26 (13.3)119 (60.7)77 (39.3)189 (96.4)7 (3.6)
 Above mean229 (53.9)64.5±5.852.3±4.3225 (98.3)4 (1.7)189 (82.5)40 (17.5)146 (63.8)83 (36.2)219 (95.6)10 (4.4)
Sex0.995#0.989#0.6770.0080.0180.802
 Male264 (62.1)60.3±5.545.6±3.8261 (98.9)3 (1.1)233 (88.3)31 (11.7)153 (58)111 (42)254 (96.2)10 (3.8)
 Female161 (37.9)56.3±6.345.8±4.9158 (98.1)3 (1.9)126 (78.3)35 (21.7)112 (69.6)49 (30.4)154 (95.7)7 (4.3)
Smoking status0.023#0.171#0.3880.0010.0030.629
 Never-smoker34 (9.3)87.5±16.155.3±10.633 (97.1)1 (2.9)22 (64.7)12 (35.3)29 (85.3)5 (14.7)32 (94.1)2 (5.9)
 Smoker332 (90.7)55.7±4.843.8±3.4328 (98.8)4 (1.2)290 (87.3)42 (12.7)195 (58.7)137 (41.3)320 (96.4)12 (3.6)
UICC stage0.106+<0.001+0.483§0.841§0.715§0.154§
 I176 (41.4)68.5±6.960.1±5.2172 (97.7)4 (2.3)147 (83.5)29 (16.5)115 (65.3)61 (34.7)171 (97.2)5 (2.8)
 II94 (22.1)37.7±6.836.7±6.094 (100)0 (0)83 (88.3)11 (11.7)53 (56.4)41 (43.6)90 (95.7)4 (4.3)
 III143 (33.6)58.4±7.034.1±4.0141 (98.6)2 (1.4)120 (83.9)23 (16.1)88 (61.5)55 (38.5)137 (95.8)6 (4.2)
 IV12 (2.8)67.3±35.533.2±13.412 (100)0 (0)9 (75)3 (25)9 (75)3 (25)10 (83.3)2 (16.7)
Tumour stage0.106+0.004+0.183§0.319§0.072§0.587§
 T178 (18.4)79.7±11.551.1±7.976 (97.4)2 (2.6)64 (82.1)14 (17.9)53 (67.9)25 (32.1)76 (97.4)2 (2.6)
 T2268 (63.1)57.9±5.350.3±3.8264 (98.5)4 (1.5)224 (83.6)44 (16.4)171 (63.8)97 (36.2)255 (95.1)13 (4.9)
 T367 (15.7)33.7±6.820.6±4.467 (100)0 (0)62 (92.5)5 (7.5)33 (49.3)34 (50.7)67 (100)0 (0)
 T412 (2.8)67.3±21.235.9±15.512 (100)0 (0)9 (75)3 (25)8 (66.7)4 (33.3)10 (83.3)2 (16.7)
Nodal status0.732+0.031+0.807§0.102§0.791§0.515§
 N0230 (54.1)60.8±5.854.3±4.5226 (98.3)4 (1.7)200 (87)30 (13)144 (62.6)86 (37.4)222 (96.5)8 (3.5)
 N176 (17.9)47.5±8.038.5±6.376 (100)0 (0)63 (82.9)13 (17.1)45 (59.2)31 (40.8)73 (96.1)3 (3.9)
 N2116 (27.3)61.6±8.533.2±4.4115 (99.1)1 (0.9)94 (81)22 (19)73 (62.9)43 (37.1)110 (94.8)6 (5.2)
 N33 (0.7)45.0±45.030.0±30.02 (66.7)1 (33.3)2 (66.7)1 (33.3)3 (100)0 (0)3 (100)0 (0)
Distant metastases0.509#0.372#0.6990.3880.2210.067
 M0414 (97.4)58.3±4.246.1±3.0338 (83)69 (17)351 (84.8)63 (15.2)256 (61.8)158 (38.2)399 (96.4)15 (3.6)
 M111 (2.6)67.3±35.233.2±13.410 (90.9)1 (9.1)8 (72.7)3 (27.3)9 (81.8)2 (18.2)9 (81.8)2 (18.2)
Growth pattern0.017+0.111+0.406ƒ0.020ƒ0.630ƒ0.459ƒ
 Lepidic30 (7.5)90.4±18.458.2±12.930 (100)0 (0)23 (76.7)7 (23.3)19 (63.3)11 (36.7)30 (100)0 (0)
 Acinar176 (43.9)63.1±6.651.2±5.0171 (97.2)5 (2.8)143 (81.2)33 (18.8)119 (67.6)57 (32.4)169 (96)7 (4)
 Solid149 (37.2)47.0±6.539.9±4.1148 (99.3)1 (0.7)135 (90.6)14 (9.4)88 (59.1)61 (40.9)141 (94.6)8 (5.4)
 Papillary21 (5.2)41.9±17.129.4±16.421 (100)0 (0)18 (85.7)3 (14.3)13 (61.9)8 (38.1)21 (100)0 (0)
 Micropapillary25 (6.2)73.9±19.948.0±13.925 (100)0 (0)17 (68)8 (32)16 (64)9 (36)23 (92)2 (8)
Type0.964#0.498#1.0000.3660.0871.000
 Conventional416 (97.9)58.6±4.245.6±3.0410 (98.6)6 (1.4)350 (84.1)66 (15.9)262 (63)154 (37)399 (95.9)17 (4.1)
 Invasive  mucinous9 (2.1)59.3±25.752.9±18.49 (100)0 (0)9 (100)0 (0)3 (33.3)6 (66.7)9 (100)0 (0)
CK70.310#0.580#1.0000.7071.0000.554
 Negative14 (3.3)22.5±7.632.9±15.814 (100)0 (0)13 (92.9)1 (7.1)9 (64.3)5 (35.7)14 (100)0 (0)
 Positive404 (96.7)57.8±4.245.9±3.1398 (98.6)6 (1.5)339 (83.9)65 (16.1)250 (61.9)154 (38.1)387 (95.8)17 (4.2)
TTF10.007#0.026#1.0000.6851.0001.000
 Negative52 (12.4)29.1±8.728.5±6.652 (100)0 (0)43 (82.7)9 (17.3)32 (61.5)20 (38.5)50 (96.2)2 (3.8)
 Positive366 (87.6)60.6±4.447.9±3.3360 (98.4)6 (1.6)310 (84.7)56 (15.3)226 (61.7)140 (38.3)351 (95.9)15 (4.1)
Napsin0.080#0.104#0.3430.0611.0000.263
 Negative103 (24.5)43.4±7.038.8±5.9103 (100)0 (0)93 (90.3)10 (9.7)64 (62.1)39 (37.9)101 (98.1)2 (1.9)
 Positive317 (75.5)61.9±4.947.8±3.5311 (98.1)6 (1.9)261 (82.3)56 (17.7)197 (62.1)120 (37.9)302 (95.3)15 (4.7)
  • Data are presented as n (%) or mean±se, unless otherwise stated. Data were missing in a few cases in smoking status (n=59), growth pattern (n=15), cytokeratin (CK)7 (n=7), thyroid transcription factor (TTF)1 (n=7), napsin (n=5), excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency complementation group 1 protein (ERCC1) (n=41) and thymidylate synthase (TS) (n=30). ALK: anaplastic lymphoma kinase; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; KRAS: V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue; BRAF: v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homologue B1; UICC: Union for International Cancer Control. #: Mann–Whitney U-test; : Fisher’s exact test; +: Kruskal–Wallis test; §: Chi-squared test for trends; ƒ: Chi-squared test.