First author [Ref.] | Publication year | Design | Score(s) assessed | Setting and dates | Subjects n | Age years# | ICU admission rate % | Mortality rate % | Study objective/conclusion |
Kontou [10] | 2009 | Retrospective study | IDSA/ATS criteria, PSI, CURB-65 | Single centre; CT, USA | 158 | 63.1±18.8 | 19.6 | 12.6 | Comparison of IDSA/ATS criteria to other severity scores Usefulness of IDSA/ATS in predicting SCAP |
Chalmers [4] | 2011 | Prospective observational study | IDSA/ATS, PSI, CURB-65, SMART-COP, SCAP, 2001 minor ATS criteria | Multicentre; Scotland, UK | 1062 | 63 (47–74) | 7.6 | 4.5 | Validation of minor criteria IDSA/ATS can predict requirement for ICU admission |
Guo [8] | 2011 | Retrospective study | IDSA/ATS | Single centre; China | 1230 | 47.5±22.2 | NR | 16 | Weight of minor criteria SOFA scores and costs increased significantly with number of minor criteria |
Fukuyama [9] | 2011 | Prospective observational study | IDSA/ATS, PSI, A-DROP CURB-65, SMART-COP, España rule | Single centre; Okayama, Japan, April 2007–May 2009 | 505 | 76 (67–83) | 6.3 | 6.5 | Validation of the España rule |
Phua [5] | 2009 | Prospective observational study | IDSA/ATS | Single centre; Singapore | 1242 | 65.7 | 12.6 | 14.7 | Validation of IDSA/ATS criteria |
Liapikou [7] | 2009 | Prospective observational study | IDSA/ATS | Single centre; Barcelona, Spain | 2102 | 67±18 | 11 | 5.2 | Validation of IDSA/ATS criteria |
Brown [6] | 2009 | Retrospective Cohort study | IDSA/ATS | Single centre; Salt Lake City, UT, USA | 2413 | 56.2 | 15.6 | 3.7 | Validation of IDSA/ATS criteria |
ICU: intensive care unit; IDSA: Infectious Diseases Society of America; ATS: American Thoracic Society; PSI: pneumonia severity index; CURB-65: new-onset confusion, urea >7 mmol·L−1, respiratory rate ≥30 breaths per min, blood pressure <90 mmHg (systolic) or ≤60 mmHg (diastolic), age ≥65 years; SMART-COP: systolic blood pressure, multilobar chest radiography involvement, albumin, respiratory rate, tachycardia, new-onset confusion, oxygenation, pH; SCAP: severe community-acquired pneumonia; NR: not reported; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; A-DROP: age, dehydration, respiratory failure, orientation disturbance, blood pressure. #: Data for years are expressed as mean±SD, median (interquartile range) or mean.