| Healthy nonasthma | Stable controlled asthma | Uncontrolled asthma | |
| Subjects n | 15 | 22 | 28 |
| Age years | 36.2 (30.8–41.6) | 42.3 (35.6–49.0) | 51.4 (46.1–56.6)* |
| Male/female n/n | 10/5 | 8/14 | 10/18 |
| Height cm | 168 (164–173) | 169 (165–173) | 168 (164–171) |
| Weight kg | 63.9 (54.5–73.2) | 72.2 (65.3–79.2) | 77.9 (70.4–85.4)* |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 22.3 (19.9–24.7) | 25.3 (23.2–27.4) | 27.8 (25.2–30.3) |
| Atopy % | 0 | 63.6* | 85.7* |
| Allergic rhinitis % | 0 | 54.5* | 64.3* |
| Nonsevere/severe asthma n/n | NA | 15/7 | 7/21 |
| FEV1 % pred | 100 (93.9–107) | 79.7 (73.4–86.1)* | 66.8 (58.0–75.5)*,# |
| FEV1/FVC % | 83.7 (80.5–87.0) | 72.0 (69.0–75.0)* | 67.9 (62.6–73.2)* |
| Sputum eosinophils % | 0.59 (0.20–0.98) | 4.79 (1.82–7.76)* | 18.5 (2.91–34.0)*,# |
| Sputum neutrophils % | 34.5 (22.2–46.9) | 55.9 (41.8–69.9) | 39.0 (21.1–56.8) |
| ACQ | NA | 1.41 (1.04–1.78) | 2.52 (2.05–2.98)# |
| AQLQ | NA | 5.78 (5.40–6.16) | 4.49 (4.00–4.99)# |
| Medication taken | |||
| Inhaled corticosteroid | NA | 16 (72.7) | 27 (96.4)# |
| Long-acting β2-agonist | NA | 15 (68.2) | 25 (89.3)# |
| Leukotriene antagonist | NA | 6 (27.3) | 7 (25.0) |
| Theophylline | NA | 1 (4.54) | 11 (39.3)# |
| Oral prednisolone | NA | 4 (18.2) | 14 (50.0)# |
| Omalizumab | NA | 1 (4.54) | 2 (7.1) |
| As-needed reliever use inhalations of SABA per day | NA | 0.49 (0.07–1.06) | 3.59 (2.34–4.84)# |
| ICS (BDP equivalent) μg | NA | 1009 (620–1398) | 1804 (1543–2065)# |
Data are presented as mean (95% confidence interval) or n (%), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; % pred: % predicted; FVC: forced vital capacity; ACQ: asthma control questionnaire; AQLQ: asthma quality of life questionnaire; SABA: short-acting β2-agonist; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; BDP: beclomethasone dipropionate; NA: not applicable. *: p<0.05 versus healthy; #: p<0.05 versus stable controlled asthmatic subjects.