Table 3– Association of plasma advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and autofluorescence (AFR) with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) % predicted

	Model	β^#	95% CI	p-value
CML	1	0.406	0.256–0.556	<0.001
	2	0.405	0.249–0.562	<0.001
	3	0.518	0.352–0.685	<0.001
	4	0.508	0.316–0.701	<0.001
CEL	1	-0.462	-0.608– -0.316	<0.001
	2	-0.464	-0.617– -0.312	<0.001
	3	-0.427	-0.598– -0.256	<0.001
	4	-0.426	-0.624– -0.228	<0.001
ln(pentosidine)	1	0.022	-0.139–0.183	0.790
	2	0.035	-0.133–0.203	0.679
	3	0.087	-0.089–0.263	0.331
	4	0.127	-0.076–0.330	0.218
AFR	1	-0.443	-0.579– -0.307	<0.001
	2	-0.383	-0.520– -0.246	<0.001
	3	-0.402	-0.556– -0.248	<0.001
	4	-0.400	-0.578– -0.222	<0.001

CML: N^ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine; CEL: N^ε-(carboxyethyl)lysine. ^#: increase (in sd) in FEV₁ % predicted per sd increase in plasma AGEs or AFR. Model 1: adjusted for age and sex; model 2: model 1 + pack-years; model 3: model 2 + glomerular filtration rate, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ln(triglycerides); model 4: model 3 + ln(C-reactive protein). n=143.