Subjective sleepiness | Age yrs | SDB# versus no SDB | |
Males¶ | Females+ | ||
ESS ≥10 | 40 | 3.4 (1.2–9.7)§ | 1.4 (0.3–5.7)ƒ |
60 | 1.1 (0.6–1.8)§ | 1.5 (0.8–3.0)ƒ |
Data are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval), unless otherwise stated. ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale. #: defined as an apnoea/hypopnoea index ≥15 events·h−1 or self-reported continuous positive airway pressure use and adjusted for comorbidities, depressive symptoms and body mass index. ¶: n=266. +: n=211. §: in males, the odds ratio (OR) for SDB predicting ESS ≥10 as a function of age can be expressed as: OR=e ( α+β×(age in yrs-30)), where α (the estimated SDB-ESS ≥10 OR at age 30 yrs) is 1.8 (95% CI 0.34–3.3) and β (the coefficient for the SDB-age interaction term in males) is estimated to be -0.058 (95% CI -0.11– -0.011). ƒ: in females, the OR for SDB predicting ESS ≥10 is e ( α+β×(age in yrs-30)), where α=0.26 (95% CI -1.8–2.4) and β=0.005 (95% CI -0.069–0.078).