First author [ref.] | Country | Recruitment year | Setting | Inclusion | DST method | Genotyping method | Treatment adherence | Treatment regimen | Sample size |
Sonnenberg [28] | South Africa | 1995 | Hospital serving four gold mines | Culture-positive TB patients without MDR and cured of TB | Bactec system or conventional proportional count method and Lowenstein–Jensen medium | IS6110 DNA fingerprinting | DOT | 2HRZE/4HR | 326# |
Quy [16] | Vietnam | 1996–1998 | TB control programme | New smear- positive TB | Proportion method on Lowenstein–Jensen medium | IS6110 DNA fingerprinting | DOT | 2HRZS/6HE | 2901 |
Cox [27] | Uzbekistan | 2001–2002 | DOTS programme | Smear-positive pulmonary TB patients | Lowenstein–Jensen media using proportion method or modified proportion method in Bactec 460TB | IS6610 DNA fingerprinting and spoligotyping | DOT | 2HRZE (with or without S)/4HR | 209 |
2HRZES/1HRZE/5HRE | 173 | ||||||||
Matthys [15] | Russian Federation | 1997–1998 | TB treatment programme in a penitentiary hospital | Newly admitted patients diagnosed with TB through sputum smear and culture | Proportion method on Lowenstein–Jensen medium | IS6110 DNA fingerprinting | Daily strict supervision | 2HRZES/1HREZ/5HRE | 233 |
DST: drug susceptibility testing; TB: tuberculosis; MDR: multidrug resistant; DOTS: directly observed treatment, short course; H: isoniazid; R: rifampicin; Z: pyrazinamide; E: ethambutol; S: streptomycin. #: initial pre-treatment DST result missing for three TB patients.