Table 6– Effects of being small for gestational age (SGA) and sex- and age-specified z-score of childhood body mass index on respiratory outcomes
Written questionnaireVideo questionnaire
Ever wheeze
 SGA1.06 (0.98–1.15)1.06 (0.96–1.17)
 Not SGA1.07** (1.04–1.10)1.10** (1.07–1.14)
Current wheeze
 SGA1.08 (0.92–1.26)1.04 (0.84–1.29)
 Not SGA1.06* (1.00–1.11)1.07* (1.00–1.14)
Night wheeze
 SGA0.94 (0.77–1.15)0.96 (0.84–1.10)
 Not SGA1.01 (0.95–1.08)1.07** (1.02–1.12)
Severe wheeze
 SGA0.91 (0.69–1.19)1.02 (0.93–1.13)
 Not SGA1.04 (0.96–1.14)1.09** (1.05–1.12)
Wheeze with exercise
 SGA1.11* (1.02–1.20)1.15** (1.07–1.23)
 Not SGA1.16** (1.13–1.20)1.17** (1.14–1.20
Asthma
 SGA1.01 (0.91–1.13)
 Not SGA1.02 (0.99–1.06)
Night cough
 SGA1.08* (1.01–1.16)1.09 (0.99–1.20)
 Not SGA1.08** (1.05–1.10)1.14** (1.11–1.18)
  • Data are presented as OR (95% CI). All models were adjusted for parental education level, number of smokers at home, incense burning, active smoking, alcohol use and history of rhinitis and eczema. *: p<0.05; **: p<0.01.