TY - JOUR T1 - Clinical and prognostic heterogeneity of C and D GOLD groups JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J SP - 250 LP - 254 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00012215 VL - 46 IS - 1 AU - Alvar Agustí AU - Stephen Rennard AU - Lisa D. Edwards AU - William MacNee AU - Emiel Wouters AU - Bruce Miller AU - Ruth Tal-Singer AU - Hana Mullerova AU - Bartolomé Celli Y1 - 2015/07/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/46/1/250.abstract N2 - “High risk” groups for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the 2011 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) proposal (i.e. groups C and D) [1] include: patients with a forced expiratory volume in 1 s FEV1 <50% reference and <2 exacerbations year-1 (subgroups C1 and D1); patients with ≥2 exacerbations·year-1 and an FEV1 ≥50% reference (subgroups C2 and D2); and patients with both FEV1 <50% ref. and ≥2 exacerbations·year-1 (subgroups C3 and D3) [2–5]. We hypothesised that these high-risk subgroups will differ in other clinical, functional and biological characteristics and will be associated with different long-term outcomes. We explored this hypothesis in the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) cohort [6, 7].The results of this study show that “high-risk” COPD patients (GOLD groups C and D) are highly heterogeneous http://ow.ly/LTMOvAuthors thank all participants for their willingness to contribute to advance medical science in the field of COPD. ER -