RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 The population attributable fraction of COPD due to smoking in Australian adults: Results from BOLD JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP P1958 VO 44 IS Suppl 58 A1 Brett Toelle A1 Rosario Ampon A1 Michael Abramson A1 Deborah Burton A1 Alan James A1 Graeme Maguire A1 Richard Wood-Baker A1 David Johns A1 Guy Marks YR 2014 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P1958.abstract AB It is widely acknowledged that smoking is an important risk factor for the development of COPD. However, there are other environmental exposures that have also been associated with COPD.Aim: To estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of COPD due to a history of smoking in Australian adults aged 40 years and over.Methods: We used data from the BOLD-Australia study. Persons aged 40 years and over were randomly selected from the electoral roll, either directly or via a two stage sampling procedure, or from household census in 6 centres based in 4 Australian States. Spirometry was performed before and after administration of salbutamol 200 μg, according to a standardised protocol with careful attention to quality control. Subjects with post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 were classified as GOLD stage 1 or higher. Subjects who also had FEV1 < 80% predicted were classified as GOLD stage 2 or higher. Population smoking prevalence data were obtained from the 2007-08 Australian National Health Survey.Results: A total of 3498 adults provided good quality spirometry for these analyses. The sample prevalence of GOLD stage 1 or higher was 15.6% and GOLD stage 2 or higher was 7.2%. The population prevalence of ever smoking was 53.6% (95%CI 52.3-54.9) in those > 40 years and 48.8% in those aged > 70 years.View this table:Conclusions: In Australia, more than half of post-bronchodilator airflow obstruction is attributable to factors other than a history of smoking. While discouraging smoking remains a high priority, reducing the burden of COPD will require attention to other causes as well.