TY - JOUR T1 - Possible role of anaerobes in the progression of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 44 IS - Suppl 58 SP - P2480 AU - Kei Yamasaki AU - Kazuhiro Yatera AU - Toshinori Kawanami AU - Kentarou Akata AU - Shingo Noguchi AU - Chinatsu Nishida AU - Hiroshi Ishimoto AU - Kazumasa Fukuda AU - Hatsumi Taniguchi AU - Hiroshi Mukae Y1 - 2014/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P2480.abstract N2 - Background:Recent advances of molecular biological modalities detecting bacterial species as cultivation-independent ways indicate the possible role of several bacterial species in the pathogenesis and progression of certain infectious diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of anaerobes in the progression of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) by means of bacterial floral analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in patients with bronchiectasis.Patients and Methods:Fifty-nine patients with bronchiectasis evaluated by chest computed tomography were enrolled in this study (including 30 cases who had been diagnosed as NTM). BALF taken from the pathological lesions were evaluated by both the culture-independent molecular method and conventional culture methods. The molecular method was conducted as follows; approximately 600 bp of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using universal primers and then clone library was constructed. Nucleotide sequences of randomly chosen 96 clones for each specimen were determined and the homology with in-house database was searched to determine bacterial species. This method can evaluate the ratio of bacterial species (bacterial flora) in each specimen.Results:Bacterial floral analysis using rRNA gene sequencing method showed significantly high rates of anaerobes other than Mycobacterium species in patients with NTM bronchiectasis compared to non-NTM bronchiectasis patients.Conclusion:Given the results of the present study, it is speculated that anaerobes may have an important role in the progression of bronchiectasis in patients with NTM. ER -