PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Nella Paramonova TI - Observe or treat bronchial hyperreactivity in children? DP - 2014 Sep 01 TA - European Respiratory Journal PG - P4470 VI - 44 IP - Suppl 58 4099 - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P4470.short 4100 - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/44/Suppl_58/P4470.full SO - Eur Respir J2014 Sep 01; 44 AB - After a respiratory viral infection a bronchial hyperreactivity may develop in some children. A wheezing-syndrome or a prolonged cough clinically manifests the bronchial hyppereactivity. The reason for this is the damage to the bronchial epithelium, the increased sensitivity of the receptors, which in turn, contributes to the cough reflex under the impact of exogenous and endogenous factors.The object of study: 132 children 6-14 years old (7,2 ± 2,8), after an acute respiratory disease. All children carried out a comprehensive survey to clarify the reasons for the prolonged cough. During FVD research there were normal levels in 35 children (27%), 84 kids showed bronchial obstruction (64%), and 13 children had hidden bronchospasm (a positive test with a bronchodilator with normal FVD parameters) (10%). Coughing was provoked by physical exercises in 83 children (63 %), emotional stress in 11( 8%), and cold air in 17 kids(13%).For the cupping of protracted cough and wheezing-syndrome 64 patients with impaired FVD (1st group) were appointed with the drug montelukast 5 mg, 20 (2nd group) - received antihistamines and bronchodilators. Reexamination was carried out in a month. The improvement of general condition of both groups of children was registered. However, in the 1st group paroxysmal cough remained only in 8% of the patients after treatment, whereas in the second - in 43.5 % (p < 0.001 ); dyspnea during physical exercises was revealed in 4% versus 24 % (p < 0.001). All children of the first group showed normalization of FVD while the second group had only 20%.These results confirm the appropriateness of the inclusion of the drug montelukast 5 mg in the complex therapy of children with postviral bronchial hyperreactivity.