TY - JOUR T1 - Outcome and prognostic factors of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis in France: A cohort study of 192 patients JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 42 IS - Suppl 57 SP - P4412 AU - Claire Andrejak AU - Olivia Peuchant AU - Nicolas Veziris AU - Christine Segonds AU - Dominique Terru AU - Farida Hamdad AU - Aurore Lagrange AU - Valérie Lalande AU - Catherine Laurain AU - Pascale Bemer Y1 - 2013/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/42/Suppl_57/P4412.abstract N2 - Background Some skepticism remains on the benefit of antibiotics for nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary infections. We have conducted a cohort study to estimate outcome and prognostic factors of NTM pulmonary infections in France.Methods. We included all adults of the 18 participating centers in 2009 and 2010 with a diagnosis of NTM pulmonary infection according ATS/IDSA 2007 criteria (MYCOMED network). Survival and prognostic factors were assessed by Cox regression. End point was evolution by September 1st 2012, death or loss of follow-up whichever came first.Results Among the 192 patients included, 117 (61%) were infected with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), 36 with M. xenopi (19%), 15 with M. kansasii (7.8%), 13 with rapidly growing mycobacteria (6.8%) and 11 to slowly growing mycobacteria (5.7%). MAC pulmonary infections differed from the others NTM infection: female predominance (57% vs 11% for M. xenopi), lower frequency of chronic respiratory diseases (47% vs 56% for M. xenopi) and a majority (62%) of nodular radiological forms whereas M xenopi infections were equally distributed into cavitary, nodular and infiltrative forms. Overall, two years mortality was 16.4%. Univariate analysis showed a better survival in the MAC group than in the M. xenopi group. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent predictors of better prognosis: female sex (HR 0.49, p 0.07), nodular radiological form (HR 0.29, p 0.005) and treatment (HR 0.41, p 0.01).Conclusion This cohort study based on routine clinical practice demonstrates a clear benefit of treatment and support the use of antibiotics for NTM pulmonary infections. ER -