TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial olfactory system based on nanomaterials-based sensors for early detection of tuberculosis via breath test JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 42 IS - Suppl 57 SP - P498 AU - Morad Nakhleh AU - Raneen Jeries AU - Alaa Gharra AU - Anke Binder AU - Yoav Broza AU - Mellisa Pascoe AU - Keertan Dheda AU - Hossam Haick Y1 - 2013/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/42/Suppl_57/P498.abstract N2 - Background: Commonly used tools for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) have suboptimal accuracy, remain inaccessible as they are not point-of-care, and require a sputum sample, which is often unavailable in HIV-infected persons.Aim: To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of nanomaterials-based electro-chemical sensor array, with odor detection ability, to diagnose TB infection, via exhaled breath analysis.Methods: A case control study (n= 198) was conducted using 64 patients with culture-proven TB and 134 controls (67 were symptomatic patients who presented to a TB clinic but were culture negative on follow-up and not started on anti-TB treatment, and 67 were healthy volunteers). Exhaled breath was sampled and analyzed using an array of chemically modified, nanomaterial-based and odor detecting sensors. While using 138 randomly selected samples as a derivation set, the remaining 60 samples as the blinded validation set. The impact of HIV status, smoking, and treatment effect was also evaluated.Results: Sensitivity, specificity, Positive and Negative Predictive Values (PPV and NPV), when using a ROC-derived most accurate cutoff point, in the derivation set were, 85%,89%,78% and 92%, respectively, moreover, in validation, blind set experiment, the relevant values were 90%,92%,86% and 95% respectively. These results were un-affected by smoking habits, HIV status, and/or prior TB treatment of several days.Conclusion: These preliminary proof-of-concept data indicate that a nanomaterial-based sensors may be a non-invasive, simple and useful for the accurate diagnosis of TB, used as mobile point-of-care screening tool. ER -