TY - JOUR T1 - Profile of childhood tuberculosis by residence in Romania JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 42 IS - Suppl 57 SP - P1613 AU - Ramona Nedelcu AU - Horia Cocei AU - Elmira Ibraim Y1 - 2013/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/42/Suppl_57/P1613.abstract N2 - Introduction: TB incidence in children sharply decreased in Romania in the last decade, from 48.2%ooo in 2002, to 23.8%ooo in 2011. Meantime, the rise of proportion of cases in rural has been observed.Aim and objectives: To compare the profile of childhood TB in rural versus urban in Romania in 2011.Method: The records of TB cases in children reported in Romania in 2011 have been extracted from the electronic NTB Register and analyzed by type of residence. Results: A total of 776 TB cases in children have been reported in Romania in 2011. By type of residence 456(58.8%) were living in rural and 320(41.2%) in urban. Males represented 52.4% in rural and 55.9% in urban. The infants under 1 year old were 6.1% in rural and 2.2% in urban. Severe TB forms: 7.4% in rural and in 6% in urban. Out of pulmonary cases (41% in rural and 40.6% in urban), smear positivity has been notified in 10.7% in rural versus 18.5% in urban and culture positivity in 21.9% in rural versus 27.7% in urban. Only 45% of rural and 46.6% of urban TB cases have been tested for HIV coinfection, with a positivity rate of 0.5% in rural and 2% in urban. The successful outcome has been reached in 93.9% of cases in rural and in 90.4% in urban. TB death rate was 1.1% in rural and 1.6% in urban and default rate 2.2% in rural and 1.6% in urban. Conclusion: The proportion of TB cases in children increased in rural versus urban in the recent years and a higher percentage of infants under 1 year old has been noticed. Therefore, programmatic measures are urgently needed in rural population, to detect earlier infectious TB cases and improve TB infection transmission control. However, treatment success rate was bigger in children from rural then those from urban area. ER -