PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Marcus Buschner
AU  - Hartmut Kuhn
AU  - Irina Estrela-Lopis
AU  - Hubert Wirtz
AU  - Edwin Donath
TI  - Effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on static and cyclic stretched AT II cell cultures
DP  - 2012 Sep 01
TA  - European Respiratory Journal
PG  - P1051
VI  - 40
IP  - Suppl 56
4099  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/Suppl_56/P1051.short
4100  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/Suppl_56/P1051.full
SO  - Eur Respir J2012 Sep 01; 40
AB  - Metal oxide nanoparticles (NP) have become very important for a variety of applications, even though NP could possess adverse impacts on health. Thus, assessment of NP safety is crucial. For the first time, we investigated effects of ZnO-, CeO2- and TiO2-NP on primary alveolar type II cells (ATII) considering the fact that lung cells are in vivo exposed to mechanical tensions caused by breathing. Therefore ATII cultures were in vitro applied to stretching patterns simulating the breathing process during NP exposition.Nanotoxicology was determined using the MTT assay as well as staining with annexin V-FITC / PI. Cell staining with H2DCFDA was performed to measure intracellular formation of ROS. Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines MCP1 and MIP2 into culture supernatant was evaluated by ELISA.ZnO-NP induce strong intracellular formation of ROS (200% rel. to control) and reduction of cell viability (10% rel. to control) in unstretched ATII cultures. These effects are diminished by half in ATII cultures applied to stretching patterns. CeO2- and TiO2-NP do not significantly affect viability or ROS formation whether if the ATII cultures are stretched or not. Cellular uptake of CeO2-NP could be assumed due to a dose-dependant change of the flow cytometric side scatter (350% rel. to control). Application of stretching patterns reduces this effect by one third. NP exposure does not affect the release of MCP1 or MIP2 regardless of the applied NP type or stretching pattern.These results demonstrate that NP could affect primary ATII cultures and that these effects are modified when ambient conditions in the context of breathing are taken into account during NP exposition.