TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for diagnosing lung cancer: A randomized study JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 40 IS - Suppl 56 SP - 3254 AU - Masahide Oki AU - Hideo Saka AU - Chiyoe Kitagawa AU - Yoshihito Kogure AU - Naohiko Murata AU - Misaki Ryuge AU - Takashi Adachi AU - Saori Oka AU - Rie Tsuboi AU - Masahiko Ando Y1 - 2012/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/40/Suppl_56/3254.abstract N2 - Introduction: Although rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) is widely used during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), its utility remains unknown.Aims and objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of ROSE during EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods: One hundred twenty patients with highly suspected lung cancer who had hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy or a tumor adjacent to the central airway were enrolled in this study and randomized to undergo EBUS-TBNA with and without ROSE.Results: Twelve patients with visible endobronchial lesions were excluded in the analysis. Thus, a total of 108 patients (55 in ROSE group; 53 in non-ROSE group) were included in the analysis. Additional procedures including EBUS-TBNA for other lesions and/or transbronchial biopsy were performed in 11% of patients in the ROSE group and 57% in the non-ROSE group (P < 0.001). Mean puncture number was significantly fewer in the ROSE group (2.2 vs. 3.1 punctures, P < 0.001). Mean bronchoscopy time was similar in both groups (22.3 vs. 22.1 min, p = 0.95). The sensitivity and accuracy for diagnosing lung cancer were 88% and 89% in the ROSE group, and 86% and 89% in the non-ROSE group, respectively. No complications were associated with the procedures.Conclusion: Although ROSE during EBUS-TBNA can reduce the puncture number or eliminate the need for additional bronchoscopic procedures, it is not associated with the total bronchoscopy time or diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected lung cancer. ER -