%0 Journal Article %A Nahid Zaghba %A Abdelaziz Bakhatar %A Najiba Yassine %A Abdelkrim Bahlaoui %T Clinical, epidemiological and evolving profile of miliary tuberculosis: Study of 48 cases %D 2011 %J European Respiratory Journal %P p2572 %V 38 %N Suppl 55 %X Miliary tuberculosis is a rare but severe form of TB often due to hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It represents less than 2% of tuberculosis in our context. We conducted a retrospective study of 48 cases collected in our Respiratory Diseases department between 2003 and 2010. Female cases were predominant with 60%. The mean age was 35 years old. The history of tuberculosis and tuberculosis contagion were found in 10 cases each, the postpartum in 3 cases, trisomy-21 in 1 case, diabetes and HIV seropositivity in 3 cases each. The clinical setting was dominated by health impairment in all the cases and fever in 40 cases (83%). Chest X-ray spotted out miliary aspect in all the cases, cardiomegaly in 2 cases, pyopneumothorax in 5 cases, and excavated opacities in 4 cases. The intradermal tuberculin test performed for all the cases was positive in 20 cases. Bascilloscopies were positive in 15 cases. The spread assessment found out a cerebro-meningeal affection in 5 cases with cerebral tuberculomas in 1 case, pericarditis in 3 cases, mediastinal and peripheral lymph nodes in 6 cases; choroidal tubercle was found in 5 cases and a medullar affection in 2 cases. Antibacillary treatment according to the 2SRHZ/7RH regimen was started in emergency in 32 cases, 2RHZE/7RH in 3 cases and according to 2RHZE/4RH regimen in 5 cases. Evolution was good in 36 cases (75%), 9 patients were lost for follow up, and 3 deaths were deplored. Throughout this work we emphasize the severity of miliary tuberculosis and the need for urgent and early therapeutic management. %U