@article {Kowalskip2102, author = {Krzysztof Kowalski and Anthony DiMarco}, title = {Evaluation of different patterns of high frequency spinal cord stimulation (HF-SCS) to activate the inspiratory muscles}, volume = {38}, number = {Suppl 55}, elocation-id = {p2102}, year = {2011}, publisher = {European Respiratory Society}, abstract = {Background: HF-SCS is a novel method of inspiratory muscle activation and may be a useful method to support artificial ventilation. In this study, the effects of different patterns of HF-SCS on inspiratory muscle activation were compared to spontaneous breathing (SB).Methods: In 3 anesthetized dogs, single motor unit (SMU) activity of the diaphragm (D) and parasternal muscles (P) were assessed during SB and HF-SCS at the T2 level with ramp and non-ramp stimulation by measuring a) time of onset (To) and b) time to peak firing frequency (TTP) of SMUs. To and TTP were determined relative to the onset of inspiratory flow and expressed as a percentage of inspiratory time (Ti).Results: During SB, mean onset of D and P were8.0{\textpm}1.1 and 14.2{\textpm}2.0\%Ti, respectively. During non-ramp HF-SCS, To was 1.7{\textpm}0.7 and 2.4{\textpm}0.3\%Ti for D and P, respectively (p\<0.05 for each compared to SB). During ramp HF-SCS, To was 13.2{\textpm}2 and 4.6{\textpm}0.8\%Ti for D and P (p\<0.05 for P for each).Mean peak firing frequencies of D and P during both HF-SCS and SB were not different. During SB, TTP was 74.0{\textpm}8.7 and 71.5{\textpm}6.9\%Ti for D and P. During non-ramp HF-SCS, TTP was 10.6{\textpm}3.1 and 15.8{\textpm}3.5\%Ti, for D and P (p\<0.05 for each). During ramp HF-SCS, TTP was 63.0{\textpm}4.5 and 53.0{\textpm}3.8\%Ti for D and P (NS for each).Conclusion: Activation of the inspiratory motoneuron pools via HF-SCS is responsive to different patterns of electrical stimulation. Ramp HF-SCS compared to non-ramp HF-SCS results in a more physiologic method of inspiratory muscle activation.Support: NIH-NINDS (R01NS064157).Disclosure: Dr.DiMarco has a significant financial interest in Synapse BioMedical, Inc, a manufacturer of diaphragm pacing systems.}, issn = {0903-1936}, URL = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/38/Suppl_55/p2102}, eprint = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal} }