TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal effects of cigarette smoke associated to diesel exhaust particles in mice JF - European Respiratory Journal JO - Eur Respir J VL - 38 IS - Suppl 55 SP - p1798 AU - Petra M.M. Arantes AU - Alessandra C. Toledo AU - Francine M. Almeida AU - Clarice R. Olivo AU - Renato M. Magalhães AU - Ligia R. Fornaziero AU - Mariangela Macchione AU - Paulo H.N. Saldiva AU - Paolo J.C. Biselli AU - Fernanda D.T.Q.S. Lopes AU - Mílton A. Martins Y1 - 2011/09/01 UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/38/Suppl_55/p1798.abstract N2 - Cigarette smoke (CS) is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), since 80% of COPD cases are associated to long term smoking. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are a major source of traffic-related air pollution and it is a risk factor to the development of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of the effects of CS associated to DEP exposure on the development of emphysema at 1, 3 and 6 months. Mice were divided into 5 groups: control (C); vehicle (V) NaCl 0.9%; DEP -nasal instillation of 30μg DEP in 10μl NaCl 0.9%/day, 5days/wk; CS - exposed to CS for 30min/day, 5days/wk; and group DEP+CS. We evaluated inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and mean linear intercept (Lm). We observed a increase in Lm values after 6 mo. in groups CS, DEP and DEP+CS (p≤0.001). Temporal analysis of cell profile in BAL showed an increase in total cells in 3 mo. after CS exposure (p≤0.001), while at 6 mo. we observed a decrease in DEP+CS group compared to C, CS and DEP (p≤0.001). Same cell profile was noted in macrophages numbers (p≤0.001). Decrease in lymphocytes was observed at 3 mo. in DEP and DEP+CS compared to CS (p=0.001).View this table:Linear intercept after 6 months of exposureTherefore independently which exogenous particles were inhaled: CS or DEP, the pulmonary emphysema developed after 6 mo. and did not show an impairment by exposition to both. After 6 mo. we observed a synergic effect of DEP+CS leading to an attenuation of the density of inflammatory cells in BAL. Our data suggest that exposition to DEP could result in the development of COPD. ER -