PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Vija Skripconoka
AU  - Manfred Danilovits
AU  - Lea Pehme
AU  - Tarmo Tomson
AU  - Girts Skenders
AU  - Tiina Kummik
AU  - Andra Cirule
AU  - Vaira Leimane
AU  - Anu Kurve
AU  - Klavdia Levina
AU  - Lawrence J. Geiter
AU  - Davide Manissero
AU  - Charles D. Wells
TI  - Delamanid improves outcomes and reduces mortality in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
AID  - 10.1183/09031936.00125812
DP  - 2013 Jun 01
TA  - European Respiratory Journal
PG  - 1393--1400
VI  - 41
IP  - 6
4099  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/41/6/1393.short
4100  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/41/6/1393.full
SO  - Eur Respir J2013 Jun 01; 41
AB  - Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) are associated with worse treatment outcomes for patients, including higher mortality, than for drug-sensitive tuberculosis. Delamanid (OPC-67683) is a novel anti-TB medication with demonstrated activity against multidrug-resistant disease.Patients who participated in the previously reported randomised, placebo-controlled trial of delamanid and the subsequent open-label extension trial were eligible to participate in a 24-month observational study designed to capture treatment outcomes. Treatment outcomes, as assessed by clinicians and defined by the World Health Organization, were categorised as favourable and unfavourable. Delamanid treatment groups were combined for analysis, based on their duration of treatment. In total, for 421 (87.5%) out of 481 patients from the original randomised controlled trial, consent was granted for follow-up assessments.Favourable outcomes were observed in 143 (74.5%) out of 192 patients who received delamanid for ≥6 months, compared to 126 (55%) out of 229 patients who received delamanid for ≤2 months. Mortality was reduced to 1.0% among those receiving long-term delamanid versus short-term/no delamanid (8.3%; p<0.001). Treatment benefit was also seen among patients with extensively drug-resistant TB.This analysis suggests that treatment with delamanid for 6 months in combination with an optimised background regimen can improve outcomes and reduce mortality among patients with both multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB.