RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Comparison of two twice-daily doses of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 524 OP 530 DO 10.1183/09031936.00022010 VO 36 IS 3 A1 M. Aubier A1 R. Buhl A1 T. Ekström A1 J. Ostinelli A1 C.P. van Schayck A1 O. Selroos A1 J. Haughney YR 2010 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/36/3/524.abstract AB The aim of this study was to compare two budesonide/formoterol maintenance doses within the budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy concept and to identify possible patient characteristics at baseline which would predict a better response to a higher than standard maintenance dose. A total of 8,424 patients with symptomatic asthma when using an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) with or without a long-acting β2-agonist were randomised to budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 μg, one (1×2) or two (2×2) inhalations b.i.d. Patients used the same inhaler as needed for symptom relief. The primary outcome variable was time to first severe asthma exacerbation. In the total study population, the time to first severe asthma exacerbation was prolonged by 18% with 2×2 versus 1×2 (hazard ratio 0.82; p = 0.03). Lung function (peak expiratory flow) was the only statistically significant predictor of a better response to 2×2. The mean daily ICS doses were 737 and 463 μg in the 2×2 and 1×2 groups, respectively. In a real-life setting, budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy at the 2×2 maintenance dose did prolong time to first severe exacerbation but at a higher medication load. Patients with low lung function benefited most from the higher maintenance dose.