RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Air pollution and development of asthma, allergy and infections in a birth cohort JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 879 OP 888 DO 10.1183/09031936.00083406 VO 29 IS 5 A1 M. Brauer A1 G. Hoek A1 H. A. Smit A1 J. C. de Jongste A1 J. Gerritsen A1 D. S. Postma A1 M. Kerkhof A1 B. Brunekreef YR 2007 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/29/5/879.abstract AB Few studies have addressed associations between traffic-related air pollution and respiratory disease in young children. The present authors assessed the development of asthmatic/allergic symptoms and respiratory infections during the first 4 yrs of life in a birth cohort study (n = ∼4,000). Outdoor concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide PM2.5, particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm and soot) were assigned to birthplace home addresses with a land-use regression model. They were linked by logistic regression to questionnaire data on doctor-diagnosed asthma, bronchitis, influenza and eczema and to self-reported wheeze, dry night-time cough, ear/nose/throat infections and skin rash. Total and specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E to common allergens were measured in a subgroup (n = 713). Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) per interquartile pollution range were elevated for wheeze (1.2 (1.0–1.4) for soot), doctor-diagnosed asthma (1.3 (1.0–1.7)), ear/nose/throat infections (1.2 (1.0–1.3)) and flu/serious colds (1.2 (1.0–1.4)). No consistent associations were observed for other end-points. Positive associations between air pollution and specific sensitisation to common food allergens (1.6 (1.2–2.2) for soot), but not total IgE, were found in the subgroup with IgE measurements. Traffic-related pollution was associated with respiratory infections and some measures of asthma and allergy during the first 4 yrs of life.