%0 Journal Article %A Konstantinos Gkatzis %A Sara Taghizadeh %A Dongeun Huh %A Didier YR Stainier %A Saverio Bellusci %T Use of 3D organoids and lung-on-a-chip methods to study lung development, regeneration and disease %D 2018 %R 10.1183/13993003.00876-2018 %J European Respiratory Journal %P 1800876 %X Differences in lung anatomy between mice and humans as well as frequently disappointing results when using animal models for drug discovery emphasise the unmet need for in vitro models that can complement animal studies and improve our understanding of human lung physiology, regeneration and disease. Recent papers have highlighted the use of three-dimensional (3D) organoids and organs-on-a-chip to mimic tissue morphogenesis and function in vitro. Here, we focus on the respiratory system and provide an overview of these in vitro models which can be derived from primary lung cells, pluripotent stem cells, as well as healthy or diseased lungs. We emphasise their potential application in studies of respiratory development, regeneration and disease modelling.FootnotesThis manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the European Respiratory Journal. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJ online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.Conflict of interest: We have no conflict of interest to declareConflict of interest: We have no conflict of interest to declareConflict of interest: Dr. Huh has a patent US Patent 86478616 B2 licensed, a patent US patent 7704728 licensed, a patent US 62/544,429 pending, a patent US 62/348,055 pending, and a patent US 62/348,036 pending and D. Huh owns shares in Emulate, Inc. and consults for the company.Conflict of interest: We have no conflict of interest to declare.Conflict of interest: We have no conflict of interest to declare. %U https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/early/2018/09/20/13993003.00876-2018.full.pdf